Objetivo: Evaluar la viabilidad técnica y financiera para la implementación de una biofábrica para la propagación in vitro de Anthurium andreanum L. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: El experimento tuvo una distribución completamente al azar. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis unidireccional de varianza (ANOVA), las medias se compararon mediante la prueba de Duncan (P ≤ 0,05). Con el fin de calcular la viabilidad económica de la Biofábrica, se determinaron los indicadores de Punto de Equilibrio, Relación Beneficio/Costo, el Valor Actual Neto (VAV) y la Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR). Resultados: En este estudio se utilizó el SIT comercial Recipiente de Inmersión Temporal Automatizado (RITA®). Se obtuvo una tasa promedio de multiplicación de 26.4 brotes por explante utilizando medio líquido suplementado con 2 mg L-1 de 6-bencilaminopurina. Para el establecimiento de la biofábrica se utilizaron 210 RITA®, con una capacidad instalada para obtener aproximadamente 400,000 plántulas al año. Al realizar el análisis financiero de esta técnica, arrojó una Tasa Interna de Retorno de 73.64% y una Relación Beneficio Costo de 1.67 y un Valor Actual Neto de MEX $ 2, 513,056.14 pesos mexicanos (US$ 131230.08), en un periodo de 5 años. Con estos resultados se demostró la viabilidad económica y técnica para la implementación de una biofábrica productora de anturios. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Utilizar medios de cultivo semisólidos en la etapa de multiplicación, disminuye la capacidad de producción y baja de manera significativa la rentabilidad de la biofábrica. Hallazgos/conclusiones: La rentabilidad de una biofábrica para la producción de anturios depende de la tasa de multiplicación, alcanzada en este caso a través del uso del RITA®, actualmente se cuenta con la tecnología completa y comprobada para ser transferida a algún emprendedor interesado.
Objective: To demonstrate the efficiency and profitability of temporary immersion bioreactors compared to propagation in gelled media.Design/Methodology/Approach: Agave potatorum seedlings were introduced to the in vitro system in order to compare their productivity, multiplication rate, and propagation time. An investment project was carried out considering the equipment depreciation, but without considering the construction of the property. Based onthese premises, the cost of production per plant was evaluated with a goal of 500,000 seedlings in mind.Results: A 3% contamination was recorded when the in vitro system was first introduced. The semi-solid multiplication rate was 4 shoots per explant and 18 shoots per explant in bioreactors, both at 30 days of incubation. A 10% handling loss was taken into consideration. The production cost was US$0.16 (MNX$3.20) for gelled media and US$0.09 (MNX$1.80) for propagation in temporary immersion bioreactors. The Internal Rates of Return for gelled media and for propagation with bioreactors were 2.33 and 3.75, respectively.Study Limitations/Implications: The study does not take into consideration theconstruction of the property, although it does consider equipment depreciation.Findings/Conclusions: Thanks to scientifical and technological development, the use of biotechnological tools is becoming more profitable every day. These technologies are already available to be transferred and this kind of research demonstrates its profitability, highlighting the potential establishment of technology- based companies.
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