This article analyses Ruth Landes’ contributions to social anthropology based on a series of feminist, queer and postcolonial insights. Landes’ academic trajectory and her biography are used to understand her unique form of writing ethnographies. I try to show that “The City of Women” (originally published in 1947) does not follow classic anthropological tropes present in ethnographies in the 1930s and 1940s. Her rejection of canonical ways of writing is not only a stylistic choice but a result of Landes’ social trajectory. For this reason, “The City of Women” is an essential work in the effort to understand the ever-present challenges posed by writing ethnographic texts.
Outside of Europe’s top football leagues, migrant athletes are often subjected to short-term contracts, poor housing conditions, isolation and the ever-present risk of premature career termination due to injuries. This paper is part of a current multi-sited ethnography on Brazilian futsal and football migrants in Central and Eastern Europe. It is based on life-history interviews with migrant players and uses transnational lenses to approach sports migrants’ movements in these regions. The study conceptualises futsal and football as an ethnographic continuum. Football and futsal players participate in similar processes of early professionalisation. However, at the ages of 16 or 17, athletes become professionals in either football or futsal, seeking specialisation. The role that borders, families, injuries and emotions play in the lives of sports migrants are also analysed. The current study presents a diversified narrative of contemporary sports migration movements.
IntroduçãoEm "Por uma ciência das obras", Pierre Bourdieu (1997) contrapõe leituras internas e leituras externas das obras científicas e artísticas. As primeiras não fariam qualquer referência aos contextos histórico e social e não poderiam explicar as mudanças estéticas e científicas a não ser pelo recurso à "vontade" de cientistas e artistas. Seriam leituras inférteis porque a-históricas, portanto. Já as leituras externas, realizadas principalmente por autores marxistas, como Lucien Goldmann, apesar de incorporar a história no universo da análise, operam uma redução das obras e dos autores a seus pontos de vista de classe. O problema bourdiano está, portanto, em levar a cabo uma análise que incorpore tanto a estrutura das mensagens científicas e artísticas como a história específica dos campos analisados, o que Bourdieu denomina "espaço de possíveis". Retemos de Bourdieu, então, um princí-pio de análise: o de que as obras constituem formas de debate, de confrontos e são construções social e historicamente situadas (Bourdieu, 2003). Buscamos demonstrar este princípio através dos debates públicos travados entre os produtores culturais que analisamos a seguir.Se Bourdieu tem o mérito de propor novas formas de análise de obras, é preciso ressaltar que, para o sociólogo francês, a intertextualidade refere-se a uma relação histórica interna entre textos e se situa como método por excelência de leituras internalistas. No entanto, para nós, acolher a intertextualidade nas ciências sociais significa adotar não só os discursos como matérias-primas, mas, sobretudo, pôr-nos diante de seus confrontos, questionando os constrangimentos de sua própria produção e recepção.
The relationship between sports, especially football, Brazilian national identity, and 'race', has received considerable attention. The hypervisibility of football, however, obscures the relationship between Brazilian identity with another sport that was partially 'invented' in Brazil: futsal. This paper examines migrant Brazilian football and futsal athletes, through an analysis of their life-histories. The study combines life-histories, a re-construction of long-term historical processes that inform and condition the specificity of Brazilian identity, and media discourses to construct a novel perspective on the relationship between 'Brazilianness' and sports.
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