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O tétano é uma doença infecciosa não contagiosa, desencadeada pela ação de neurotoxinas produzidas pela bactéria Clostridium tetani. Dentre as espécies mais suscetíveis e de maior ocorrência em estudos epidemiológicos, destacam-se os equinos. Neste estudo de caso, foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário do IFPB campus Sousa, uma fêmea equina, SRD, 8 anos de idade, no 6º mês de gestação. O animal apresentava taquipneia, taquicardia, espasticidade dos membros, protrusão da terceira pálpebra, hiperestesia, cauda em bandeira, rigidez da musculatura do abdome e discreta rigidez da musculatura cervical. Com a intervenção medicamentosa baseada no uso de soro antitetânico, antibioticoterapia com benzilpenicilina benzatina, acepromazina e fluidoterapia à base de solução de ringer com lactato, associado ao repouso em ambiente silencioso e termicamente agradável, obteve-se resultados satisfatórios nos primeiros dias do inicio do tratamento e recuperação total após o 15º dia. Além disso, ao 15° dia pós-internamento e antecedendo a alta do animal foi realizada a avaliação ultrassonográfica transretal, confirmando a viabilidade fetal.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of sheep herds from twenty-three sheep farms spread in the Alto Sertão region of Paraíba state, Brazil. Sample size was obtained through a simple random sampling, which was determined from the total amount of sheep head of the microregion. It was collected 262 faecal samples directly from the rectum of the animals, conditioned in polyethylene bags previously identified and kept refrigerated until processing. Faecal egg counting was performed and cultures in pool of each farm were done separately. It was observed a prevalence of GN of 84.7% (222/262) to the evaluated sheep. Furthermore, it was noted the presence of unless one positive animal for helminths in 100.0% of sheep farms.  Among the 222 positive animals, 65.3% presented EPG<1000, 15.8% EPG among 1000-2000 and 18.9% presented EPG>2000. Recovered third stage larvae showed that the most prevalent nematode was Haemonchus sp. (79.6%), followed by Trichostrongylus sp. (13.8%), Oesophagostomum sp. (3.6%), Strongyloides sp. (2.4%) e Bunostomum sp. (0.6%). Sheep herd from the Alto Sertão region of Paraíba state presents a high prevalence of GIN.

Natural infection by intestinal nematodes was assessed in Santa Ines and Ile de France sheep breeds, over a five-month grazing period, with emphasis on the development of the immune response in lambs under two anthelmintic treatment regimens. Nineteen Santa Ines and 19 Ile de France male lambs were allocated into two treatment groups: animals under suppressive treatment with anthelmintics; and animals under targeted selective treatment (TST). The nematodes Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Strongyloides papillosus showed the highest infection intensity in the TST animals in both breeds. Parasite-specific immunoglobulin G levels were significantly higher and more rapidly induced in Santa Ines lambs. Additionally, these lambs had higher levels of parasite-specific immunoglobulin A in intestinal mucus. Animals under TST had higher means of mast cells and globule leukocytes in the intestinal mucosa due to longer and greater parasite challenge in comparison with the suppressive group. A breed effect (P < 0.05) was recorded for mast cells, with Santa Ines lambs presenting the highest counts. Although Santa Ines lambs had lower intestinal nematode counts than Ile de France lambs, they had shown a large variation in T. colubriformis burden, with most of them presenting a marked worm burden, despite showing an earlier and more intense immune response to intestinal nematode infection.

Haemonchus contortus is the major gastrointestinal parasite of sheep raised in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. This trial aimed to evaluate the influence of H. contortus infection on the bone marrow response of Santa Ines (SI) and Ile de France (IF) suckling lambs experimentally infected with H. contortus. Fourteen SI lambs and 12 IF lambs were randomized in four groups: infected SI (n=8), non-infected SI (n=6), infected IF (n=8) and non-infected IF (n=4). Lambs of infected groups were submitted to 27 infections, conducted every two days, from 14 to 68 days of age, and each lamb received a total of 5400 H. contortus infective larvae (L3). Ten blood samples were obtained during the experimental period to be used for erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, packed cell volume and total plasma protein estimation. Additionally, it was carried out a differential leukocyte count. Lambs from control groups did not shed eggs in faeces all over the experiment, while infected Santa Ines and Ile de France lambs presented means of 2963 EPG (Eggs Per Gram of faeces) and 8175 EPG in the last sampling (P<0.05), respectively. Infected Santa Ines lambs had an increase in eosinophil release, however differences (P<0.05) on circulation number in comparison with infected Ile de France lambs were identified only in the last sampling (54 days post first infection). The mild H. cortortus infection did not produce significant changes in the blood variables of the Ile de France and Santa Ines suckling lambs.

<p>The objective of this study was to determine the physiological parameters of athletic equines used in vaquejada, and to evaluate the use of infrared thermography as a supporting tool to diagnose possible musculoskeletal injuries caused by physical training. Ten athletic Quarter Horses, males and females, aged 5-15 years old, were part of this trial. The animals were divided into two groups, G1 (pulling category) and G2 (mat category). It was assessed: heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), capillary filling time (CPT), intestinal movements, and mucosal staining. Surface temperature (ST) was assessed through projections of each animal using FLIR® T10611 thermal camera. Variables were measured before training (BT), after training (AT) and two hours after training (2h AT). Environmental variables were measured using Hobo® Data Loggers. The Thermal Comfort Index (TCI) indicated that the animals were in thermal comfort during the evaluated moments. The physical effort was sufficient to cause changes in some of the evaluated parameters: HR, RR, RT and ST. During the assessment of thermographies, an increase in local temperature in the region of semitendinosus muscle was observed in one of the animals evaluated. The use of the thermographic camera may contribute to the prevention and early diagnosis of musculoskeletal injuries in horses used in vaquejada exercise.</p>

Objetivou-se com este trabalho comparar as medidas morfométricas de ovinos puros de origem das raças Santa Inês e Dorper com as medidas dos ovinos resultantes de seu cruzamento no sertão da Paraíba, para caracterizar Para caracterizar os ovinos da referida região o os ovinos criados no sertão paraibano e mostrar a importância de haver melhoramento genético nesses rebanhos. Foram utilizados 200 animais, sendo 50 ovinos Santa Inês puros, 50 Dorper puros e 100 animais mestiços Santa Inês x Dorper. Foram coletadas as medidas comprimento corporal (CC), altura de anterior (AA) e altura de posterior (AP). Os dados foram tabulados no programa Microsoft Excel 2016® e analisados utilizando o teste de Análise de Variância (ANOVA) de uma via, e as médias foram comparadas através do Teste de Tukey a um nível de significância de 5%. Verificou-se que os animais de elite possuem medidas morfométricas muito superiores às dos animais SRD criados no sertão da Paraíba, sendo o CC a medida que mais se diferenciou, portanto necessitam da introdução de um bom material genético assim como de instrução aos produtores rurais sobre a seleção que deve ser feita em seus rebanhos para aumentar a produtividade.