The DUSEL Project has produced the Preliminary Design of the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) at the rehabilitated former Homestake mine in South Dakota. The design satisfies the requirements of the project Readiness Stage detailed in the National Science Foundation's Large Facilities Manual. The Facility design calls for, on the surface, two new buildings-one a visitor and education center, the other an experiment assembly hall-and multiple repurposed existing buildings. To support underground research activities, the design includes two laboratory modules and additional spaces at a level 4,850 feet underground for physics, biology, engineering, and Earth science experiments. On the same level, the design includes a Department of Energy-shepherded Large Cavity supporting the Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment. At the 7,400-feet level, the design incorporates one laboratory module and additional spaces for physics and Earth science efforts. All underground areas will be connected by a distributed-access network extending from the surface down to a depth of 2.25 km and extending over 30 km. With input from some 25 science and engineering collaborations, the Project has designed critical experimental space and infrastructure needs, including space for a suite of multidisciplinary experiments in a laboratory whose projected life span is at least 30 years. From these experiments, a critical suite of experiments is outlined, whose construction will be funded along with the facility. The putative users, with funding independent of the Project, are advancing their designs and pursuing research and development on detector technology. The Facility design permits expansion and evolution, as may be driven by future science requirements, and enables participation by other agencies. The design leverages South Dakota's substantial investment in facility infrastructure, risk retirement, and operation of its Sanford Laboratory at Homestake. The Project is planning education and outreach programs, and has initiated efforts to establish regional partnerships with underserved populations-regional American Indian and rural populations. The DUSEL Project enhances South Dakota and regional university participation in world-leading research and proposes major construction activities for these and other South Dakota research entities. The competition-sensitive nature of the estimates contained in Volume 2 of the Preliminary Design Report resulted in this Volume being redacted from this distribution of the Report.
Se hace una aportación innovadora al estudio de los cementerios en roca desde una perspectiva antropológica. Se analizan 109 tumbas, que conservan restos óseos, del cementerio de Tejuela/Villanueva de Soportilla que fue excavado primeramente por Alberto del Castillo y después por Aratikos Arqueólogos. No hay una relación clara entre tipos de tumbas y sexo, aunque las tumbas de bañera son más comunes entre mujeres. No hay relación con la edad a excepción de los niños muy pequeños, que están enterrados mayoritariamente en tumbas del mismo tipo. Aunque la longitud de las tumbas está correlacionada con la estatura de los individuos, no puede establecerse con precisión la edad o sexo del sujeto que se inhumó en una sepultura que se encuentre vacía. Se incluyen dataciones absolutas obtenidas a partir de los esqueletos que aportan fechas entre el último tercio del siglo VIII y comienzos del XI.
Se analizan los datos que proporciona el estudio antropológico y arqueológico del cementerio altomedieval de Santa María de Tejuela (Bozoó, Burgos) que pueden aportar alguna información sobre aspectos paleodemográficos. El número de individuos exhumados asciende a 182, aunque solo se ha podido asignar edad y sexo a 125 de ellos. El número de individuos infantiles y juveniles es reducido, lo que proporciona un índice de juventud muy bajo. Entre los adultos los resultados sobre la mortalidad son los propios de una población rural medieval que vivió bajo duras condiciones de vida, sobre todo las mujeres. La mayoría de enterramientos de adultos sugiere una población con una aparente baja fertilidad.
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