Influência da maturação dos frutos na emergência e crescimento inicial de Copernicia hospita Mart.-Arecaceae 1
RESUMO:O fruto-do-sabiá (Acnistus arborescens L). é uma espécie de uso medicinal e importância fl orestal, com poucas informações acerca dos aspectos morfológicos de frutos, sementes e plântulas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer as características morfométricas de frutos e sementes, e a morfologia da germinação de A. arborescens. Os frutos foram coletados em Guaramiranga-CE, de 20 matrizes selecionadas aleatoriamente. Os aspectos biométricos foram avaliados em uma amostra de 50 frutos e 100 sementes, e o desenvolvimento pós-seminal foi descrito baseado em observações feitas em casa de vegetação durante 40 dias. O fruto é indeiscente, carnoso, globoso e polispérmico, com peso médio de 0,53 g e com uma média de 46 sementes por fruto. As sementes possuem coloração amarelada, formato elipsoidal, sendo o embrião curvo e o endosperma esbranquiçado. As sementes apresentaram as seguintes medidas: 1,59 mm de comprimento, 1,33 mm de largura e 0,36 mm de espessura. Para a germinação, foi observado que a emissão da radícula ocorre seis dias após a semeadura e, com 35 dias, a plântula apresenta todas as estruturas iniciais. Observou-se que o fruto é globoso e polispérmico, as sementes são elipsoides, com embrião curvo, e a germinação é do tipo fanerocotiledonar, epígea e com cotilédones foliáceos. ABSTRACT: Acnistus arborescens L. is a plant species of medicinal use. Although it is important for forestry, little is known about the morphology of its fruits, seeds and seedlings. The objective of the present study was to investigate the morphometric characteristics of fruits and seeds and the morphology and germination of Acnistus arborescens L.. The fruits were collected from 20 randomly selected matrices in the municipality of Guaramiranga
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of fruit maturation on the physiological quality of seeds and on the initial growth of carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera). Propagules were collected from specimens of urban tree growth in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. The treatments were set up with four replications in a 2x3+1 factorial arrangement; the factors consisted of two color tones of fruit (yellowish-green and dark colored fruit), three types of propagules (whole fruit, pulped fruit and seeds) and an additional control (pre-germinated seed extracted from dark colored fruits) in a completely randomized design. The variables assessed were: percentage of emergence, plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of the shoots and of the root system, and the Dickson quality index. The yellowish-green fruits may be used in carnauba palm propagation if the pulp and the pellicle around the seed are removed. Plants derived from dark colored fruits exhibit greater values for height, stem diameter, dry weight of the above ground part and of the roots. From the Dickson quality index, plants derived from dark colored fruits have a better standard of quality than those from yellowish-green fruits.
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