RESUMOA mamona tem grande importância socioeconômica na região Nordeste, em virtude da inclusão social e da garantia de empregos. O estudo objetivou pesquisar a sensibilidade da mamona a vários níveis de água disponível no solo em diferentes estágios fenológicos avaliando-se os efeitos na produtividade e na qualidade dos frutos em condições de semeio e rebrote. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4 (2 cultivares: BRS Paraguaçu e BRS Nordestina e 4 níveis de água no solo: 40, 60, 80 e 100% aplicados nas fases de crescimento e frutificação) com três blocos. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de variância F, teste de Tukey, para comparação dos cultivares e análise de regressão para a água disponível. O aumento da água no solo nos diferentes estádios fenológicos promoveu alterações significativamente positivas na produtividade e na qualidade do fruto dos dois cultivares. Ambos os ciclos, semeio e rebrote, apresentaram desempenho semelhante ressaltando-se que o melhor desempenho da mamona foi obtido quando o conteúdo de água do solo se manteve durante todo o ciclo fenológico da planta, com 100% da água disponível no solo para as plantas. Palavras-chave: Ricinus communis L., manejo da poda, irrigaçãoProduction and fruit quality of castor bean in seeding and regrowth under phenological water stress ABSTRACT The castor bean crop has a social and economical importance for the Northeast region due to the social inclusion and employment. The experiment aimed to study the sensitivity of the castor bean to soil water levels applied at different phenological stages, evaluating the production and fruit quality in the seeding and regrowth cycles. The experimental design was a randomized block in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, consisting of two castor bean cultivars (BRS Paraguaçu and BRS Nordestina) and 4 levels of available soil water (40, 60, 80, e 100%) applied during growth and frutification with three replications. The data were analysed statistically through analysis of variance (F teste) and Tukey test was used for the comparison of the cultivars and regression analysis for the quantitative factor. The increase of soil water availability for the plant at the different phenological stages studied increased production significantly and promoted positive alterations in the fruit quality of both cultivars. Both cycles presented similar performance with an elevated quality of the final product. The best performance of the castor bean was obtained when the available soil water content during the whole phenological period was kept at 100%.
The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the castor bean cultivar "BRS 188 Paraguaçu" to available soil water for plants and soil organic matter content based on their effects on fruit yield and seed oil content. A 2 × 4 factorial experiment was conducted from October 2008 to March 2009 under field conditions using randomized complete block design; two soil organic matter contents (5.0 and 25.0 g•kg-1) and four available soil water levels for plants at the irrigation time (70, 80, 90, and 100% of the total available soil water) with three replicates were tested. On each experimental unit measuring 100 m 2 , 50 plants were cultivated with a spacing of 2 m × 1 m (24 useful and 26 border plants). Analysis of variance (F test) was performed; qualitative factors (soil organic matter) were compared by Tukey's test and quantitative factors (available soil water) by regression analysis. Increased soil organic matter and available soil water for plants substantially increased productivity; however, seed oil content, mean 100-seed mass, mean 100-fruit mass, and seed:fruit ratio were affected by available soil water content alone. Therefore, the tested cultivar is sensitive to reduced available soil water content, which severely decreases its productivity.
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