ABSTRACT:Over the last few decades, environmental work has increased significantly. An important part of this has to do with attitudes. This research presents the design and validation of an environmental attitudes scale aimed at university students. Detailed information on development and validation of the scale is provided. Similarly, it presents the data derived from its application to a specimen group of students. The number of students involved in the whole research is 952. The results of the work show that a certain level of worry exists among the students regarding environmental problems, which is apparent in the need to increase environmental education and research. Some differences in environmental attitudes were also found between first year students and final year students and male and female students. These results lead us to insist on the importance of bringing about changes in the curriculum to increase environmentalism in the university.
Resumen: La relación didáctica entre profesorado y estudiante es esencial para alcanzar que éste construya su saber a partir de una transposición de los conocimientos. El primero debe plantear qué propuesta metodológica es la apropiada para que el alumnado alcance las competencias previstas. Los contenidos transpuestos no han de contradecir sustancialmente los planteamientos científicos que explican los fenómenos, independientemente del nivel educativo. El trabajo que se presenta propone la utilización de textos históricos para implicar al alumnado en la comprensión de los fenómenos físicos-biológicos a partir de actividades prácticas similares a las que condujeron a interpretar la función de la vejiga natatoria y paralelamente a la difusión del diablillo cartesiano, vinculado con la construcción de los primeros termoscopios.Palabras clave: Diablo cartesiano, vejiga natatoria, utilización didáctica, historia de la ciencia, estrategias de resolución históricas.
Abstract:The didactic relationship between teacher and student is essential for the achievement of students´ knowledge from a transposition of their ideas. The teacher must consider what methodological proposal is appropriate with the objective of reaching the expected educational competences by the student. Independently of the educational level, the transposed contents must not substantially contradict scientific approaches that explain phenomena. This work proposes the use of historical texts to involve the students in understanding the physico-biological phenomena from practical activities. These activities should be similar to those that led to interpret the function of the swim bladder and in parallel to the diffusion of Cartesian devil, linked to the first building thermoscopes.
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