No abstract

Recebido em 13/4/06; aceito em 30/8/06; publicado na web em 26/3/07 ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF the ESSENTIAL OILS OF LEAVES AND FRUITS OF Xylopia sericea St. Hill. ON THE TWO SPOTTED SPIDE MITE (Tetranychus urticae Koch). The essential oils of the leaves and fruits obtained by hydrodistillation of Xylopia sericea, collected in the restinga area of Pernambuco, were analyzed by GC (HP 5890 SERIES II) and GC/MS (HP 5890B SERIES II/ MSD 5971). A major part of the volatile components identified in the oils of fruits and leaves were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Cubenol (57.43%) and α-epi-muurolol (26.09%) were the main compounds found in the leaves, whereas β-pinene (45.59%) and α-pinene (17.18%) were the fruits major components. The acaricidal activity of the essential oils was evaluated for Tetranychus urticae. The oil of the leaves was more active than that of the fruits showing an LC 50 value of 4.08 μL/L of air for a 72 h period.

No abstract

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto de los extractos etanólicos de especies de Croton en la polilla del repollo (Plutella xylostella L.). Croton rhamnifolius H.B.K., Croton jacobinensis Baill., Croton sellowii Baill. y Croton micans Muell. C. rhamnifolius (hojas) tuvieron el efecto más letal con una CL50de 14,95 μg mL-1, seguido por C. rhamnifolius (tallos), C. jacobinensis (tallos), C. jacobinensis (hojas),C. sellowii (hojas) y C. sellowii (tallos) con valores de CL50 de 42,40; 116,21; 183,85; 801,36 y 1252 μg mL-1, respectivamente. Las larvas de Plutella xylostella se alimentaron con discos de col y todos los extractos, excepto C. sellowii (tallos), mostraron una duración larval prolongada. Por otra parte, ninguno de los extractos afectó la duración de la etapa de pupas de P. xylostella.

RESUMO: "Propriedades antibacterianas e citotóxicas de alguns extratos de plantas usados na medicina popular nordestina". No presente estudo, 32 extratos hexânicos e etanólicos de Protium bahianum, P. heptaphyllum, Croton sellowii, C. rhamnifolius, C. jacobinensis, C. micans e Muntingia calabura, foram avaliados para atividade antibacteriana, pelo método de difusão em disco. Ensaios de citoxicidade foram realizados com o modelo do microcrustáceo Artemia salina Leach para determinar a concentração letal para 50% dos indivíduos (CL 50 µg/mL). A presença de atividade antibacteriana foi observada com os extratos hexânicos das flores de M. calabura contra B. subtilis, e extratos etanólicos das folhas contra S. aureus and B. subtilis na concentração de 1 mg/mL. Dentre os 32 extratos, 19 apresentaram toxicidade baixa ou ausente (CL 50 > 250 µg/mL), 6 mostraram toxicidade moderada (CL 50 entre 80 µg/mL e 250 µg/mL) e 7 foram muito tóxicos (CL 50 < 80 µg/mL). Unitermos:Artemia salina, citotoxicidade, atividade antibacteriana, Croton, Protium, Muntingia calabura. ABSTRACT:In the present study, 32 hexane and ethanol extracts of Protium bahianum, P. heptaphyllum, Croton sellowii, C. rhamnifolius, C. jacobinensis, C. micans and Muntingia calabura were screened for antibacterial activity by the disc-diffusion method. Cytotoxicity assays using the brine shrimp Artemia salina Leach as a model were performed to determine lethal doses for 50% of individuals (LC 50 µg/mL). Antibacterial activity was found in flowers hexane extracts of M. calabura against B. subtilis, and leaves ethanol extracts against S. aureus and B. subtilis at concentration of 1mg/mL. Among 32 extracts, 19 showed low or no toxicity (LC 50 > 250 µg/mL), 6 showed moderate toxicity (LC 50 between 80 µg/mL and 250µg/mL), and 7 were highly toxic (LC 50 < 80 µg/mL).