No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Sample preparation techniques have experienced an explosive development during the past decades. Procedural approached that uses minimal sample amounts reducing to the limit and sometimes eliminating completely the use of toxic and/or environmentally unfriendly solvents and reagents have emerged as standard in the analytical laboratory. At the same time, significant improvements in sensitivity and selectivity have appeared. This article revisited the principal developments of sample preparation methods for analytical determinations as produced recently. The approach is systematic, classifying the procedures into two broad groups: methods based on equilibrium and exhaustive methods. In each case, the principal methods are revisited with a brief description about the principles and chemistry involved and some examples in each case. A large number of bibliographic references allow a deeper study on each case, when necessary.

No abstract

This article critically reviews analytical method validation and quality control applied to the environmental chemistry field. The review focuses on the determination of organic micropollutants (OMPs), specifically emerging contaminants and pesticides, in the aquatic environment. The analytical technique considered is (gas and liquid) chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), including high-resolution MS for wide-scope screening purposes. An analysis of current research practices outlined in the literature has been performed, and key issues and analytical challenges are identified and critically discussed. It is worth emphasizing the lack of specific guidelines applied to environmental analytical chemistry and the minimal regulation of OMPs in waters, which greatly affect method development and performance, requirements for method validation, and the subsequent application to samples. Finally, a proposal is made for method validation and data reporting, which can be understood as starting points for further discussion with specialists in environmental analytical chemistry. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, Volume 16 is June 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

No abstract

No abstract