Clin Invest Med 2009; 32 (1): E57-E63. AbstractPurpose: To determine MRSA carriage rates and genetic relationships of S. aureus strains in children attending day care centres in 14 cities from three geographic regions in Mexico. Materials and methods: Cross-Sectional Study performed in apparently healthy children aged from 6 mo to 6 yr attending day care centres (DCCs). From September 2002 To January 2003, 2345 nasopharyngeal specimens from a similar number of children were collected. Nasopharyngeal samples for bacterial isolation were obtained by standard methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined and genetic relatedness of all MRSA isolates was determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: S. aureus was identified in 237 children (10.1%), twenty-two children had MSRA for an overall prevalence of MRSA carriage of 0.93%. Children attending DCCs from cities located in the north and south of Mexico showed higher prevalence than children from DCCs in the central region; 1.75%, and 1.71 vs. 0.08%, respectively (P<0.05). PFGE demonstrated six different restriction profiles of MRSA with a predominant pattern. Conclusions:We documented the presence of MRSA strain colonizing children attending DCCs in Mexico, mainly in the south and north regions of the country. Clone A and B which are closely related represented 45 % of the total of MRSA isolates. We found both, SCCmec type II and type IV strains in the three regions.
Objetivo:Determinar la frecuencia de dislipidemia en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) atendidos en un hospital general. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyeron 44 pacientes a quienes se les determinó perfil lipídico sérico. Los resultados se clasificaron según el reporte modificado en el 2004 del tercer panel de tratamiento del adulto (ATP III). Además, se determinó el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la puntuación para la actividad de la enfermedad (DAS-28) y la limitación funcional medida con el cuestionario de evaluación de salud - versión peruana (HAQ-P). Resultados: La frecuencia de dislipidemia en pacientes con AR fue 75%. El 54,5% tuvo un IMC fuera de los límites normales. En el DAS-28, la mayoría de pacientes se encontraron con actividad severa de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, hubo más pacientes con dislipidemia en el grupo con moderada actividad. En la escala de HAQ-P, la mitad tuvo incapacidad funcional moderada a severa y mayor número de sujetos con dislipidemia. El 69,7% de los pacientes con alteraciones en el perfil lipídico presentó dislipidemia mixta. Conclusiones: La dislipidemia en los pacientes con AR del estudio se presentó con una alta frecuencia y con diversas formas de alteración en el perfil lipídico sin un patrón uniforme. Por lo tanto, el tratamiento de la dislipidemia sería individualizado en cada paciente para prevenir eventos cardiovasculares.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:47-53).
ETV6::RUNX1 is a genetic rearrangement of good prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In Mexico, its prevalence is low in comparison with Caucasian populations. We developed a novel TaqMan one-step RT-qPCR approach to assess the prevalence of four genetic rearrangements in a cohort of Hispanic children with ALL from Mexico City. The prevalence of common fusion gene transcripts was as follows: TCF3::PBX1 7.7%; BCR::ABL1p190 3.3%; and KMT2A::AFF1 2.8%, and ETV6::RUNX1was observed with low prevalence (10.5%) in comparison to that reported for developed countries. This is consistent with previous findings on Mexican children with ALL and similar to those reported on children from Hispanic populations. The confirmation of a low prevalence of ETV6::RUNX1 in children of a Hispanic origin represents an advancement in the description of genetic factors of ALL in these populations.
Clin Invest Med 2007; 30 (6): E250-E256. AbstractPurpose: To evaluate the hemolysin effect by ileal loop model produced by Vibrio cholerae O1 strains, compared with the cellular lysis or cytotoxic activity (CA) observed in cell culture. Method: We studied nine V. cholerae O1 strains, obtained during the Mexican outbreak of cholera (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993), which had CA in Vero and CHO cells. Hemolysin was monitored with the hemolysis test. Titers of CA were calculated by CD50, and the association between CA and cholera toxin (CT) production was discarded by means of neutralization tests using an anti-CT polyclonal antibody. The CT production was measured with ELISA test. The LAL assay was performed in order to study relationships between the CA and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Strains with CA were evaluated in rabbit and rat ileal loop models; hemorrhagic fluid was also measured. Tissues from ileal loop were included in paraffin to detect intestinal epithelial damage. Results: The hemolysin CA was not neutralized with the anti-CT polyclonal antibody. However, the associated factor of CA was heat labile. CA in cell cultures was not related to the bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The ileal loop test exhibited the presence of hemorrhagic tissue with inflammation. Conclusion: The V. cholerae O1 strains isolated were able to secrete hemolysin which, in turn, caused CA in cell cultures and produced the hemorrhagic and inflammatory effects observed in the ileal loop of rabbit and rat models.Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae 01 that uses toxin production as its principal
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