BackgroundStrongyloidiasis can be fatal in immunocompromised patients, but few epidemiological studies investigated the burden of this neglected tropical disease among these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Bolivia. This study aimed to fill in this gap by estimating prevalence rate and risk factors associated with strongyloidiasis among patients at high risk of complicationsMethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in Santa Cruz (elevation 400 meters, tropical climate) and Cochabamba (elevation 2,500 meters, temperate climate), among patients with cancer, HIV infection and rheumatic or hematologic disease, using four coproparasitological techniques and one serological (ELISA) test.ResultsIn total, 1,151 patients participated in this study, including individuals who were HIV-positive (30%) or with rheumatic (29%), oncologic (32%) or hematologic (9%) diseases. The serological and coproparasitological prevalence was 23.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.7–25.5; n = 265/1151) and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.2–9.3; n = 88/1151), respectively, with an estimated actual prevalence of 20.2% (95% CI, 17.9–22.5). Positive serology and positive coproparasitology were associated with younger age and lower education levels. There was no significant difference in prevalence between Cochabamba and Santa Cruz as defined by coproparasitology (6.4% vs. 8.9%; p = 0.11) or serology (24.0% vs. 22.0%; p = 0.4). Among 64 patients in Cochabamba who had never travelled to the tropical lowlands, 5 (7.8%) had a positive coproparasitology.ConclusionsStrongyloidiasis is widely prevalent in Bolivia among vulnerable patients at increased risk of life-threatening complications. Transmission of the parasite occurs both in tropical lowlands and temperate elevation (≥ 2,500 m). Control strategies to prevent transmission and complications of this serious parasitic disease should be urgently reinforced.
Diagnóstico de partida para diseñar un modelo de proyecto que permita implantar el proceso de inteligencia empresarial en las empresas del grupo de diseño e ingeniería de la construcción en Cuba * Grupo Empresarial de Diseño e Ingeniería de la Construcción. CUBA ** Instituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Echeverría", UNAICC de Matanzas. CUBA Resumen Disponer de un Proceso de Inteligencia Empresarial ha dotado en los últimos años a un creciente número de empresas en el mundo de la capacidad de monitorear el ambiente externo e interno y crear conocimientos aptos para la toma de decisiones, reorientar la Dirección Estratégica, reducir el margen de riesgo a enfrentar y elevar su competitividad, las empresas cubanas de diseño e ingeniería de la construcción representan un sector de vanguardia en la implantación del nuevo sistema de gestión y dirección empresarial cubano, aspirando a diversificar sus servicios en el mercado nacional e internacional de la construcción. Este artículo tiene el objetivo de mostrar el uso de diferentes herramientas, como el procedimiento de cálculo del índice de experticidad, entrevistas de orientación e informativas, encuestas, correlación de categorías y trabajos grupales que permitieron diagnosticar la situación de partida sobre el enfoque de proyecto para la implantación de dicho Proceso. Como resultados más importantes se logró definir el estadio de estas organizaciones para implantar a través de un Proyecto el Proceso de Inteligencia Empresarial, los elementos que limitan y facilitan el cambio, a partir de los cuales se estructuro el diseño de una investigación científica en desarrollo con el coauspicio de varias universidades y empresas y de la que se esperan como resultados concretos el diseño de un Proceso de Inteligencia Empresarial para dichas empresas y un Manual que sirva de guía para investigadores y directivos que trabajen en la mejora de la Gestión en entidades similares.Palabras Clave: Dirección de proyectos, construcción, inteligencia empresarial Abstract Business Intelligence Process during recent years have provided a growing number of companies all over the world with the ability to control internal and external environments and to create appropriate know-how for decision making processes; to provide a new Strategic Management orientation; to reduce the potential risk margin and to increase competitiveness. Cuba represents a leading sector of Design and Construction Engineering Companies for the implementation of this new Cuban Management and Business Administration System, seeking to diversify services in the national and international construction market. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of different tools, such as the expertise calculation index procedure, orientation and information interviews, surveys, category correlation and focus groups, which allowed the diagnosis of initial data situation on the project approach for the implementation of such a process. The most important outcomes were the definition of organization stages to be implem...
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