RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características antropométricas, la composición corporal y el somatotipo de una muestra internacional de jugadores de tenis de mesa de alto nivel clasificados entre los 150 mejores jugadores del mundo. En el estudio participaron un total de 31 jugadores (18 varones y 13 mujeres) de categoría absoluta. Todos los deportistas analizados en el estudio competían de manera regular en la Superdivisión, máxima categoría de la liga española y en pruebas internacionales de carácter oficial (ETTU e ITTF). La muestra fue distribuida en dos grupos atendiendo al sexo. Un total de 16 variables antropométricas fueron evaluadas. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la masa, talla, IMC (p<0,01), en cinco pliegues (p<0,05), en dos perímetros (p<0,01) y en todos los diámetros (p≤0,01). Asimismo se encontraron diferencias en el componente endomórfico y mesomórfico del somatotipo (p<0,02). El grupo masculino presentó una distribución del somatotipo mesomorfo balanceado (2,5-4,6-2,6) mientras que el grupo femenino fue endo-mesomórfico (4,0-3,4-2,9). Los resultados obtenidos sugieren un biotipo diferente a los datos de referencia, presentando los hombres menor endomorfia mientras que las mujeres alcanzan mayores niveles en su endomorfia y un descenso en la mesomorfia. Este estudio aporta datos biotipológicos actualizados de referencia para la población de elite de tenis de mesa.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unusual situation in sports. Players were forced to stay at home for an undefined period of time and not allowed to use any training facilities or even exercise outdoors. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on physical performance and body composition in elite female football players. During the confinement period, 19 players (n = 19, M = 27 years; SD = 4.19) volunteered to participate in the present study. Participants were confined during 5 months and performed six remotely guided sessions a week, designed and structured by a certified fitness coach. Pre- and postconfinement period, players were tested for body composition, strength in the squat exercise, vertical jump, 30-m sprint, kicking velocity, and intermittent endurance capacity (Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1). Fat mass and muscle mass remained unaffected after the confinement period, while only body mass showed a significant increase between periods (1.19%; p = .014). In addition, physical performance measures postconfinement showed positive changes in kicking (p < .001; effect size = 1.02), in contrast to a reduction in mean propulsive velocity against 40-kg load and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 total distance covered (p: .041 and .010, respectively). Present findings indicate that the implementation of home-based training programs during confinement periods could be sufficient stimulus to maintain body composition and physical performance (i.e., strength, vertical jump, and sprint), although they might not be sufficient to maintain intermittent endurance capacity in elite female football players.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e desenvolver modelos para prever a qualidade, satisfação e valor percebido dos usuários do serviço desportivo. A amostra consistiu de 646 usuários. Cada sujeito preencheu um questionário cujas propriedades psicométricas deu validade. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a qualidade do serviço desportivo recebido foi boa, tendo os factores técnicos os melhores valores, e as informações que são fornecidas para os usuários o ponto mais fraco. Também positiva foi a avaliação de satisfação e do valor percebido, que dependiam principalmente de um fator intangível, como são as atividades.
El trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar el nivel de actividad física y adiposidad en la población de Neiva - Colombia. El estudio es de tipo Des- criptivo Correlacional, el tamaño de la muestra es representativo y para su cálculo se siguieron los siguientes parámetros poblacionales: Nivel de confianza el 95% (t=1,96); Probabilidad po- sitiva (P=50%); y Error relativo del 6% (Ɛ=0,03. Estuvo conformada por 972 sujetos de la ciudad de Neiva: 470 mujeres, que representan el 48,4% y 502 hombres, el 51,6%, con edades entre los 18 y 75 años, con edad promedio en Mujeres: 45,2 ±15,2 años y Hombres: 44,4 ±14,8 años.Para el tratamiento de la información se realizó, un análisis descriptivo univariante, calculando me- didas de tendencia central, dispersión y posición, permitiendo destacar características generales de la muestra relativa a cada variable; luego se procedió a un análisis bivariante, para observar la relación existente entre las variables cuantita- tivas y diferencias o semejanzas agrupadas según variables categóricas (género, edad en rangos y nivel de actividad física). Se concluye que el comportamiento entre mujeres y hombres, con relación a los niveles de actividad física, difiere mucho, encontrándose diferencias significativas a favor de las mujeres, irregularmente activas, frente a los hombres, entre quienes prevalece la inactividad física
This research compared the physical and heart rate demands of three medium-sided games with the same number of players per team (six) but different playing areas throughout four successive working periods. The two games played in relatively larger areas (large and medium) were performed with regular goals and goalkeepers, so the most reduced game (short) was performed without goals. Nine professional soccer players participated in this study. Meaningful differences were found (p<0.05) on the physical demand s in the three proposals, with higher values for the games performed on larger areas: maximum speed: 22.8±2.4, 19.8±2.3, and 17.6±1.8 Km/h; and distance covered/min: 120.5±13.4, 103.4±11.2, and 93.8±11.6 m/min in large, medium and short game respectively. There were no differences on the heart rate responses among them. When the physical demands were analysed during the four working periods, the differences could only be seen in large game (p<0.05). The first periods in this proposal showed higher values in distance covered/min, maximum speed, and distance/h in the speed zones 7.0-12.9, 13.0-17.9, and 18.0-20.9 Km/h, and lower values in the zones 0-6.9 Km/h, demonstrating, throughout the periods, the tendency to reduce the distance at high speed and to increase the distance at lower speed. These changes in the activity patterns, related to the period of exercising, could depend on the dimensions of the playing field, thus showing (2017). Medium-sided games in soccer: physical and heart rate demands throughout successive working periods.
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