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The leaf oils of Xylopia aromatica, X. cayennensis, X. emarginata and X. nitida were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS. The main compounds found in the oil of X. aromatica were bicyclogermacrene (36.5%), spathulenol (20.5%) and limonene (4.6%). The oil from X. cayennensis was dominated by α α α α α-pinene (29.2%), β β β β β-pinene (16.5%), caryophyllene oxide (14.5%), bicyclogermacrene (14.5%), germacrene D (4.7%) and 1,8-cineole (4.5%). The major constituent identified in the oil of X. emarginata was spathulenol (73.0%). The main components found in the oil of X. nitida were γ γ γ γ γ -terpinene (44.1%), p-cymene (13.7%), α α α α α-terpinene (12.6%) and limonene (11.3%). Early papers indicated that spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide are also important volatile compounds found in the leaf oils of Xylopia, Duguetia and Guatteria species. At first sight they could be considered as chemotaxonomic markers to these Annonaceae genera.

The essential oils of Guatteria juruensis, G. microcalyx, G. poeppigiana and Guatteriopsis blepharophylla were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC/MS. The main compounds found in the leaf oil of Guatteria juruensis were spathulenol (77.5%) and α α α α α-pinene (4.5%). The leaf oil of Guatteria microcalyx was dominated by caryophyllene oxide (44.2%), α α α α α-pinene (11.9%) and β β β β β-pinene (6.3%). The major constituents identified in the leaf oil of Guatteria poeppigiana were spathulenol (53.0%), kushinol (10.9%) and humulene epoxide II (5.7%). The main volatiles found in the leaf oil of Guatteriopsis blepharophylla were caryophyllene oxide (51.0%), humulene epoxide II (6.8%) and 14-hydroxy-9-epi-(E)-caryophyllene (4.1%). The spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide could be considered as chemotaxonomic markers due their common occurrence in Xylopia, Guatteria and Duguetia species.

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