Gas injection proved effective in the treatment of experimental vitreous hemorrhage. It was significantly better than the injection of balanced salt solution, according to criteria of extension, intensity, and clearing time. Its technical facility, lack of complications, and low cost encourage additional research into gas injection to add knowledge to this initial study and to clarify its potential usefulness to treat persistent vitreous hemorrhage as well as to elucidate some unique pathophysiology features of blood catabolism in the vitreous.

Coiled tubing has been traditionally characterized by its mechanical properties in order to guarantee that the structural response of the tubing is uniform and satisfies current standards along its full length. Also the tubing is generally fatigued tested in order to characterize its responses under simulated field conditions. As coiled tubing applications become more challenging, there is a need for higher mechanical properties, better resistance to severe environments and a better relative fatigue performance in the tube body and bias weld. The limitations to develop a product that satisfies these new requirements can not be understood solely based on coiled tubing mechanical properties, but extensive metallurgical analysis must be performed.In this study, the relevance of the metallurgy basis in each of the production steps was reviewed in order to understand the limitations of current manufacturing process. This understanding, coupled with the goal of developing new products that satisfy new market demands, has resulted in a complete redesign of the manufacturing process. Preliminary results of a new manufacturing process have proven to provide a path for current and future innovative products.

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The authors make a review of drusenoid retinal pigment epithelium detachments(DPDs), a form of retinal pigment epithelium detachment(PED) that evolves from confluent and large soft drusen.Drusenoidretinal pigment epithelial detachments are a recognized element of the "dry" AMD. Until now, no treatment is indicated in drusenoid PEDs. The authors describe the clinical characteristics of drusenoid retinal pigment epithelium detachments (DPEDs) and make a review of the DPEDs related in the international literature. We related in this revision paper the multimodal advanced image exams in two cases of dusenoid retinal pigment epithelium detachments (DPEDs) and the general characteristics of thisfinding associated with Dry Macular degeneration.Upon examination of the ocular fundusDPEDs emerge as well-circumscribed yellow or yellow-white elevations of the RPE that are usually found within the macula.They may show scalloped borders and a slightly irregular surface. When visualized using fluorescein angiography (FA),DPEDs are typically described as faint hyper-fluorescent in the early phase followed by a slow increase in fluorescence throughout the transit stage of the study without late leakage. With optical coherence tomography (OCT), drusenoid PEDs usually show a smooth contour of the detached hyperreflective RPE band that may have an undulating appearance.Drusenoid PEDs encompass far above the ground possibility type of "dry" AMD that develops in relationship with large confluent soft drusen.At this point no treatment is utilized in drusenoid retinal pigment epithelium detachment(DPEDs).

RESUMODescreve o diagnóstico e conduta em um caso de hemorragia de disco óptico possivelmente secundária a descolamento espontâneo do vítreo posterior. Relata um caso de hemorragia de disco óptico possivelmente secundária a descolamento espontâneo do vítreo posterior, discutindo os aspectos diagnósticos, prognósticos e conduta oftalmológica.Observou-se regressão da hemorragia do disco após 6h de evolução do quadro sem sinais de recidiva durante os registros subseqüentes. A Oftalmoscopia com Laser de Varredura mostrou-se como um avançado método alternativo e eficaz no diagnóstico e seguimento do descolamento vítreo.Descritores: Descolamento do vítreo; Hemorragia retiniana; Disco óptico/irrigação sangúínea; Oftalmoscopia/métodos; Relatos de casos [Tipo de publicação]

The aim of this paper is to do a review of Drusen-like beneath retinal deposits in type II mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis. Drusenlike beneath retinal deposits in type II mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis appear to develop at an early age, often second decade of life different of drusen from age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Long term follow-up of the cases in this disease shows in the most of them, no progression of the of drusen-like beneath retinal deposits in type II mesangiocapillary glomerulonefritis, the most of subjects retain good visual acuity and no specific treatment is indicated.Keywords: Retinal drusen; Glomerulonephritis, membranoproliferative RESUMOO objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma revisão dos trabalhos publicados sobre depósitos que se assemelham a drusas, na retina de pacientes com a glomerulonefrite mesangiocapilar tipo 2. Um trabalho da Universidade de Iowa sobre as características destes depósitos foi incapaz de diferenciá-lo das drusas retinianas. O acompanhamento a longo prazo destes depósitos parecem demonstrar que não há grande tendência a modificação e a maioria dos pacientes mantém boa visão. Descritores: Drusas retinianas; Glomerulonefrite membranoproliferativa UPTADE ARTICLE

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