Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar la colisión que existe entre el derecho a la protesta por parte de las personas privadas de la libertad y la limitación en su ejercicio a través de las acciones emprendidas desde las autoridades penitenciarias, que están en la posición de garante por parte del Estado hacia las personas privadas de la libertad, de forma que se propone caracterizar, desde el modelo constitucional de derechos fundamentales, las dos dimensiones, una subjetiva y otra objetiva a partir de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional Español desde la perspectiva de su protección en la titularidad, esto es, derechos con titular, sin titular y a pesar del titular; los derechos a pesar del titular son la categoría propuesta para ahondar, en tanto esta se articula con la dimensión objetiva y subjetiva de derechos que se aplican en el caso concreto de las personas privadas de la libertad que se someten a huelgas de hambre, pero son obligadas por el Estado a alimentarse a fin de evitar la inanición. Se concluye que la limitación en la titularidad de los derechos fundamentales hacia las personas privadas de la libertad incide directamente en el condicionamiento de su goce efectivo; cabe destacar que esta tesis jurisprudencial ha sido asumida por parte de tribunales constitucionales; asimismo es el caso colombiano en la posición de garante como mecanismo que faculta al Estado para interrumpir la huelga de hambre de los privados de la libertad cuando su vida se encuentre en inminente riesgo.
The thematic plurality and the prolixity of the texts and acknowledgments that are integrated into the Political Constitution of Colombia of 1991 allow it to be studied and considered from different perspectives and criteria, both doctrinal and argumentative. On this occasion, we will proceed to demarcate those features of the constitutional text that allow us to highlight its correlation with the postulates that, regarding the theory of natural law, Javier Hervada has established. To achieve this objective, the criteria of a dialogical methodology will be used, through which it is possible to establish a kind of conversation between the constitutional texts and the postulates that Hervada expresses, which are typical of the so-called natural law. The method used in this research does not deviate from the methodology that will be used, since it corresponds to the dialogical criteria between texts, which will allow the construction of conceptual reasoning that denotes the conceptual identity between the Constitutional Charter and the principles of law. natural, expressed in the work of Hervada. With this paper we intend to address a conceptual problem that demands that the relationship of the criteria of a conceptual aspect of Law, such as Natural Law, be clarified from a theoretical perspective, with an apparently neutral text, in terms of what that it refers to its ideological source, such as the Political Constitution of Colombia, which in its practical development, and more in the evolution, which the judiciary has given it, has been valued from the criteria of legal positivism, of legal realism, and even from the orbit of ius-naturalism.
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