Resumo Polygalaceae é amplamente distribuída nas regiões tropicais e temperadas. Apresenta aproximadamente 1.300 espécies, com 197 ocorrentes no Brasil. Para os fragmentos de floresta atlântica estudados na área da Usina São José, em Igarassu, Pernambuco foram reconhecidos cinco gêneros e nove espécies. São elas: Asemeia martiana, A. violacea, Bredemeyera laurifolia, Diclidanthera laurifolia, Polygala galioides, P. longicaulis, P. paniculata, P. trichosperma e Securidaca diversifolia. As espécies da área são diferenciadas principalmente pelo hábito, ocorrência e formato de glândulas na base do pecíolo e do pedicelo, ápice da carena, tipo de fruto, formato das sementes e ocorrência de apêndices nas mesmas. O tratamento taxonômico conta com chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações e comentários para os táxons.
Angiosperm species growing in a fragment of Lowland Semideciduous Seasonal Forest in the Tapacurá Ecological Station (TES) in Pernambuco State (Brazil) were surveyed. Botanical collections to compose a species list were undertaken and these species identified by comparisons with specimens deposited in the HST, PEUFR and IPA herbaria, in addition to online database queries. A total of 479 species were identified, belonging to 81 families and 285 genera. The families with the largest numbers of species were Fabaceae (68), Rubiaceae (25), Malvaceae (20), Myrtaceae (20), Cyperaceae (19), Poaceae (19), Bromeliaceae (18), Euphorbiaceae (17), Asteraceae (16), and Sapindaceae (14), which together accounted for 49.27% of the total number of species. Great similarity was observed between our results and surveys of other lowland forests in northeastern Brazil, with the families Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Myrtaceae having the greatest species richness. This study added 44 new occurrences for Pernambuco State, demonstrating the richness and abundance of TES taxa and the importance of their conservation to the regional flora.
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