Resumen. El nematodo entomopatógeno Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) fue evaluado como opción potencial de control biológico del salivazo de la caña de azúcar, Aeneolamia spp. (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Los estudios de campo muestran un control biológico efectivo utilizando este nematodo sobre los estadios ninfales del salivazo y cuyo efecto se hace evidente a pocas horas de haber sido aplicado. Hubo mayor mortalidad en los estadios ninfales 4 y 5 del salivazo y la toxicidad del nematodo se prolongó por semanas después de su aplicación en el campo. En algunos ensayos se observó superioridad estadística de H. bacteriophora sobre los hongos entomopatógenos Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) y Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) (Prueba de Tukey al 0.05 y 0.01 niveles de significancia), así como frente a otros agentes de control biológico alternativos.Palabras clave: Biopesticidas, chinche de espuma, enemigo natural, gusanos redondos, Hypocreales, infección.
Biological Control of Sugarcane Froghopper, Aeneolamia spp., by the Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Entomopathogenic Fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana as Economically Sustainable OptionAbstract. The entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) was studied as a potential biological control agent of Sugarcane Froghopper (also known as salivazo), Aeneolamia spp. (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Field studies showed effective biological control over different sugarcane froghopper nymphal instars using this nematode, with the highest mortality rates on the 4 th and 5 th nymphal instars. Nematode's toxic effect was first observed just a few hours after being applied out in the field, and extended for weeks longer after its application. Some trials showed statistical superiority of H. bacteriophora over entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) (Tukey Test at 0.05 and 0.01 significance levels), and some other biological control agents.
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