The human vestibular organ transmits sensory information to various components of the central nervous system related to head movement and, obviously, among these components, to its terminal region (

Eponyms have played a very significant linguistic role in technical and scientific terminology. They are an important feature of language that have contributed for a long time to engraving in history the names of those researchers who have devoted their lives to scientific discovery. In the field of medical terminology, they are an asset, although their semantic effectiveness has constituted a long-standing debate. We will analyze how language contributes to the advance of science and technology and the current position of eponyms in the health sciences. Eponymy in neuroscience has been used for a long time as a way to identify and recognize scientific issues, such as diseases, syndromes, methods, processes, substances, organs, and parts of organs as a way to honor those who, in a certain way, contributed to the progress of science. However, sometimes those honors do not correspond to the real contributors, thus receiving a nondeserved acknowledgment. Another problem with eponymic references is the lack of information about the matter in hand, because eponyms do not provide any clear information leading to the identification of the situation under study, as they are not reasonably descriptive. The aim of this article is to encourage the use of descriptive terms instead of eponyms and to establish a system of scientific nomenclature to consolidate the use of the language as a means of conveying scientific information among experts. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 289B:219 -224, 2006.

Introducción. El sistema ventricular encefálico se conoció, con parcialidad, en el siglo III a.C., fecha desde la que diversos investigadores contribuyeron a una mejor comprensión de dicho sistema, desentrañando sus ubicaciones en el sistema nervioso central y relacionándolos con ciertos aspectos funcionales que surgieron de conceptos filosóficos. Esto permitió un acercamiento más objetivo hacia las cavitaciones relacionadas con la formación de líquido cerebroespinal.Objetivo. Referenciar, de forma cronológica, los conceptos más trascendentes de la historia del sistema ventricular encefálico.Materiales y métodos. Se consultaron diversas fuentes bibliográficas relacionadas con el sistema ventricular, para después ordenarlas según su cronología, de modo que se concluyera con una aproximación más concreta de la morfología funcional del sistema ventricular.Conclusión. Aristóteles fue el primero en abordar el sistema ventricular encefálico, de modo que, conforme el paso de los años, su conocimiento se fue depurando en cuanto a organización, función y número de cavidades, hasta llegar a proponer la existencia de ocho ventrículos. En la actualidad se reconocen cinco ventrículos, de los cuales cuatro son componentes encefálicos: dos en cerebro, uno en diencéfalo, otro en tronco encefálico y un quinto en la parte terminal de la médula espinal.

This brief essay offers a perspective concerning the etymon of the term "apoptosis," a term that is currently and widely recognized as a synonym for programmed cell death. The origin of the term from the Greek and a historical perspective of how the concept of cell death was viewed in the 1950s to the 1970s are discussed. Studies in such diverse systems as cork oak bark, embryonic neuronal development, hepatology, and insect metamorphosis ultimately described processes similar to what we now call apoptosis.

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The gross anatomy of the palmaris longus muscle in 12 specimens of Saguinus leucopus was studied by dissection. This muscle was constant and unipennate, originated in the medial epicondyle of the humerus; inserted onto flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis; and innerved by the median nerve, and in one case, together with the ulnar nerve. This is the first report of double innervation for this muscle in primates.