The no-tillage system can change the nitrogen dynamics in the soil, being necessary to adjust the nitrogen fertilization in order to provide this nutrient during critical phases of the common bean growth. This study aimed at evaluating the agronomic and qualitative traits of common bean grown under different straw types, as a function of the topdressing nitrogen fertilization splitting. A randomized block experimental design, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replications, was used. The plots consisted of three straw types (maize, maize intercropped with brachiaria and brachiaria), while the subplots comprised the combination of these straw materials with 8 topdressing nitrogen fertilization splitting arrangements. The common bean on brachiaria straw shows higher grain yields and crude protein contents. The nitrogen fertilization splitting, as topdressing, interacts with the straw types, increasing the number of pods per plant. The common bean plants growing on plots with single-maize straw had a shorter time for maximum hydration. The topdressing nitrogen fertilization splitting has no effect on the common bean qualitative traits.

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de doses de nitrogênio em cobertura e das palhadas de milho, de milho consorciado com braquiária e de braquiária sobre a produtividade e a qualidade de grãos do feijoeiro. O experimento foi realizado em área irrigada, no cultivo de inverno, após cinco anos da implantação do sistema plantio direto, em Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico de textura argilosa. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas e três repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por palha de milho, palha de milho consorciado com braquiária e palha de braquiária; enquanto as subparcelas, pelas doses de N em cobertura correspondentes a 0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 kg ha -1. Todos os tratamentos receberam 17 kg ha 1 de N na semeadura. O feijoeiro cultivado sobre palha de braquiária atinge maior produtividade de grãos e maior eficiência agronômica. Os atributos qualitativos dos grãos não são alterados pelas diferentes palhadas avaliadas. A aplicação do N em cobertura aumentou o teor de proteína bruta e o tempo de cozimento dos grãos de feijão, além da produtividade de grãos do feijoeiro até a dose de 136 kg ha -1 de N.Termos para indexação: Phaseolus vulgaris, Urochloa ruziziensis, Zea mays, cultivos de cobertura, eficiência agronômica, feijoeiro irrigado, tempo de cozimento. Yield and quality of common bean cultivated on grass straws and fertilized with nitrogen under no-tillageAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of top-dressed nitrogen fertilization and of the straws of corn crop, of corn intercropped with Brachiaria, and of Brachiaria on grain yield and quality of common bean. The experiment was carried out under irrigation, in winter cropping, after five years from the implementation of a no-tillage system, in a clayey Oxisol. A randomized block design with split plots and three replicates was used. The plots consisted of the straws of corn, of corn intercropped with Brachiaria, and of Brachiaria; while the split plots consisted of top-dressed N at levels corresponding to 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha -1. All the treatments received 17 kg ha -1 N at sowing. Common bean cropped over Brachiaria straw reaches higher grain yield and has increased agronomic efficiency. The evaluated straws did not affect the qualitative attributes of common beans. The application of top-dressed N increased protein contents and cooking time of the beans, besides grain yield up to the level of 136 kg ha -1 N.

The general objectives of the present study were; 1) Describe the developmental cycle of Lucilia sericata (Calliphoridae) though the egg, larva, pupa, and imago stages, and 2) Develop a method for disinfecting the eggs of L. sericata. The developmental process of this fly was observed daily, determining times required for the appearance of each different stage. The disinfection technique included successive treatment of the eggs in solutions of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and 10% formalin after the eggs were obtained from experimentally crossing male and female flies in the laboratory. The eggs were then rinsed in sterile 0.15 M NaCl, and egg samples were spread-plated on trypticase soya agar containing 5% sheep blood, and also inoculated into in nutrient broth.The eggs of L. sericata hatched after 15 ± 3.5 hr, producing pupae after 138 ± 17 hr, and the adults emerged after 126 ± 21 hr. The disinfection technique used in the present study was 87% effective. It was concluded that that the complete development as well as the disinfection of the eggs could be carried out successfully in the laboratory for the production of larvae useful in maggot therapy.

The common bean succession to intercropped crops in the no-tillage system is beneficial, especially in the search for sustainability. In addition to the straw production, the intercropping can supply nitrogen (N) to the common bean grown in succession, reducing the use of mineral fertilizer, which is pollutant and has a high cost. The present study aimed to evaluate the response to N fertilization of common bean in succession to maize cropping systems, as well as the viability of these systems in the no-tillage system. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replicates. The plots consisted of the following systems: maize as a single crop, maize intercropped with brachiaria and maize intercropped with crotalaria. The subplots were five N doses (0 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1), applied as topdressing fertilization in winter common bean, in succession to the maize cropping systems. For the maize cultivation systems, the grain yield and N amount and accumulation in the straw were evaluated. As for the common bean in succession, the grain yield and grain quality attributes were assessed. Although the three cropping systems were viable for maize grain yield, the intercropping of maize with crotalaria led to a higher N accumulation in the straw and a larger quantity of straw dry mass. The increase of the N doses promoted an increase in the grain yield of common bean grown in succession to intercropped maize. Maize intercropped with crotalaria resulted in grains with a higher size and, concerning the grain yield, an equivalent effect to that of a topdressing application of more than 200 kg ha-1 of N was observed for the common bean in succession.

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