Abstract. The aspects of diplomacy, total defense strategy, and irregular warfare are important aspects which, if combined correctly, will be effective in the strategy of winning the war, including fighting quelling uprisings that threaten the disintegration of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia/NKRI). This paper presents a comparison of the application of the above aspects in three cases of rebellion in Indonesia, namely Darul Islam/ Tentara Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) in West Java, the Fretilin group in East Timor, and the Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka/GAM) in Aceh. Descriptive comparisons refer to the use of library materials to describe the common thread of differences and similarities of the three movements. As a result, exposure to differences and similarities from the application of aspects of diplomacy, total defense strategy, and irregular warfare in the three cases above. Even though the time constraints and understanding of descriptive analysis may have been a limitation in this paper, the comparative presentation presented can be subject to further study, especially regarding the case of war to quell the rebellion in Indonesia. Abstrak. Aspek diplomasi, strategi pertahanan semesta, dan irregular warfare adalah aspek penting jika dikombinasikan secara tepat akan efektif dalam strategi memenangkan peperangan, termasuk perang meredam pemberontakan yang mengancam disintegrasi Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI). Makalah ini memaparkan perbandingan penerapan ketika aspek di atas dalam tiga kasus pemberontakan di Indonesia, yaitu Darul Islam/Tentra Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) di Jawa Barat, kelompok Fretelin di Timor-Timur, dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) di Aceh. Perbandingan deskriptif mengacu kepada penggunaan bahan pustaka dilakukan untuk memaparkan benang merah perbedaan dan persamaan dari ketiganya. Hasilnya, paparan perbedaan dan persamaan dari penerapan aspek diplomasi, strategi pertahanan semesta, dan irreguler warfare dari ketiga kasus di atas. Meskipun dengan keterbatasan waktu dan pemahaman analisis deskriptif mungkin menjadi batasan dalam makalah ini, tetapi paparan perbandingan yang disampaikan dapat menjadi bahan kajian selanjutnya, khususnya menyangkut kasus perang meredam pemberontakan di Indonesia.
Boundary is an important part of the state's sovereignty and becomes a fortress of all kinds of threats. The threat about security of natural resources is one of non-military threat which affects Indonesia’s security. Betung Kerihun National Park adjoins to Malaysia in northern of Indonesia, so it can be vulnerable to threats. The purposes of this research are to analyze the threat of security toward management of Betung Kerihun National Park (TNBK), the efforts made to overcome the security threat, and the management of TNBK on the border of Indonesia and Malaysia. The research uses qualitative method using in-depth interviews and later analyzing the primary and secondary data. The results show that the security threats of TNBK are agarwood stealing, gold mining, illegal logging, wildlife distribution, lack of security staff, no security forces (Satgas Pamtas) on the northern boundary of TNBK, and border patrol inspection line construction. The efforts to overcome security threats are preventive, pre-emptive, and repressive. The management of TNBK on the border of Indonesia and Malaysia in order to protect border security are including management functions of planning, organizing, leading (directing), and evaluating. The recommendations to overcome the security threat of national parks on the border between Indonesia and Malaysia are the active role of security forces and the establishment of buffer zone management.
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