17Coordinated assembly and disassembly of integrin-mediated focal adhesions (FAs) is essential for cell migration. 18 Many studies have shown that FA disassembly requires Ca 2+ influx, however our understanding of this process 19 remains incomplete. Here we show that Ca 2+ influx via STIM1/Orai1 calcium channels, which cluster near FAs, 20 leads to activation of the GTPase Arf5 via the Ca 2+ -activated GEF IQSec1, and that both IQSec1 and Arf5 21 activation are essential for adhesion disassembly. We further show that IQSec1 forms a complex with the lipid 22 transfer protein ORP3, and that Ca 2+ influx triggers PKC-dependent translocation of this complex to ER/plasma 23 membrane contact sites adjacent to FAs. In addition to allosterically activating IQSec1, ORP3 also extracts PI4P 24 from the PM, in exchange for phosphatidylcholine. ORP3-mediated lipid exchange is also important for FA 25 turnover. Together, these findings identify a new pathway that links calcium influx to FA turnover during cell 26 migration. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 100 activation of Arf5 and insertion of PC into the plasma membrane are both important to promote adhesion 101disassembly. Taken together, our findings establish a spatial and mechanistic link between calcium influx at 102 ER/PM contact sites and focal adhesion turnover mediated by ORP3 and IQSec1-activated Arf5.

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The calibration system for ultra-high vacuum standards at the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) uses a restriction in the range 5 10 -7 Pa to 2 10 -3 Pa. Using this system, we have calibrated for argon two commercially available gauges, an extractor gauge and a stabil-ion gauge. The correction factor of the extractor gauge in the lower pressure range was about 1.07 but it rose by 4 %, reaching 1.11 at 2 10 -5 Pa, while that of the stabil-ion gauge slowly decreased from 1.04 to 1.02 over four decades of the pressure range. K

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The KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) project is the major effort of the Korean National Fusion Program to design, construct, and operate a steady-state-capable superconducting tokamak. The project is led by Korea Basic Science Institute and shared by national laboratories, universities, and industry along with international collaboration. It is in the conceptual design phase and aims for the first plasma by mid 2002. The key design features of KSTAR are: major radius 1.8 m, minor radius 0.5 m, toroidal field 3.5 T, plasma current 2 MA, and flexible plasma shaping (elongation 2.0; triangularity 0.8; double-null poloidal divertor). Both the toroidal and the poloidal field magnets a r e superconducting coils. The device is configured to be initially capable of 20s pulse operation and then to be upgraded for operation up to 300s with non-inductive current drive. The auxiliary heating and current drive system consists of neutral beam, ICRF, lower hybrid, and ECRF. Deuterium operation is planned with a full radliation shielding.

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Sustainable concrete which contains fly ash and slag is increasingly used in modern construction practices. This study presents a genetic algorithm (GA) assisted artificial neural network (ANN) model for evaluating the compressive strength of sustainable concrete. 425 mixtures are used for making the prediction system. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to generate the initial values of the weight matrix and bias of ANN. The input parameter of GA assisted ANN is water-to-binder ratio, fly ash or slag replacement ratio, sand ratio, and water contents. The output result is compressive strength. The correlation coefficients for single ANN and GA assisted ANN model are 0.88 and 0.911, respectively. GA assisted ANN model has a strong prediction ability for the strength of sustainable concrete.