In order to investigate the effect of mixer shape and mixing intensity on hydraulic turbulence and velocity field in a rapid mixer, and relate the results of the investigation to the performance of the rapid mixer with respect to coagulant dispersion and turbidity removal, this study conducted wet tests, CFD simulation and PIV analysis, using three different shapes of jar: a circular jar with squared baffles, a circular jar without baffles and a Hudson jar. From the results of the wet tests, it was observed that the performance of rapid mixing in the circular jar without baffles was better than in the other shapes of jar. Also, the shape of jar is found to be a factor affecting the performance of the rapid mixer and ultimately the efficiency of coagulation. The results of CFD simulation and PIV analysis confirmed this by showing that, since it forms moderate turbulence throughout the jar and minimizes localized dead zones, the circular jar without baffles produced the best mixing conditions among the jars. From all these results, this study concludes that turbulent fluid conditions in a rapid mixer, including distribution of turbulence and formation of dead zones, are important factors in determining performance of the rapid mixer. Furthermore, it is suggested that mixing intensity and mixer shape are determined considering those fluid conditions.
Through the rapid development of LED TV, a large-area edge-lit backlight unit is widely researched in the display industry for enhancing the optical efficiency, luminous uniformity and slim design. In addition, an edge-lit backlight unit includes many optical sheets such as reflection sheet, prism sheet and diffuser sheet. However the function can be replaced by the carefully patterned light guide plate (LGP). Micro patterns which located on the top and bottom surface of light guide plate was designed by ray-tracing optical simulation. The designed patterns improved the light characteristics of LGP, including optical extraction efficiency and intensity distribution uniformity. These results suggest that it is very effective method to design edge-lit LGP with micro-patterns on both sides for large-area display and to reduce the fabrication cost.
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