This study was performed to evaluate the effects of epigallocatechin 3 gallate (EGCG) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in a murine model. In the present study, production of TNF-alpha and MIP-2 and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2, c-Jun amino terminal kinases (JNK) and p38 in RAW264.7 cells were measured. EGCG inhibited the production of TNF-alpha and MIP-2, and attenuated phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and JNK, but not p38 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Also, EGCG attenuated the production of TNF-alpha and MIP-2, and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK in the lungs of mice administered with LPS intratracheally. It reduced wet/dry weight ratio, histological severities, and neutrophil accumulation in the lungs in mice given LPS. Our results showed that EGCG attenuated LPS-induced lung injury by suppression of the MIP-2 and TNF-alpha production, and ERK1/2 and JNK activation in macrophage stimulated with LPS.
The simultaneous detection of Cd (II), Pb (II), Cu (II), and Hg (II) ions in aqueous medium using a BDD electrode with DPASV is described. XPS was used to characterize the chemical states of trace metal ions deposited on the BDD electrode surface. Experimental parameters that affect response, such as pH, deposition time, deposition potential, and pulse amplitude were carefully optimized. The detection limits for Cd (II), Pb (II), Cu (II), and Hg (II) ions were 3.5 ppb, 2.0 ppb, 0.1 ppb and 0.7 ppb, respectively. The application of the BDD electrode on the electrochemical pretreatment for the simultaneous metal detection in the dye waste water was also investigated.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.