Recent theoretical studies on geometric and chemical modification strategies, band engineering, and charge carrier dynamics of TiO2 nanoparticles are discussed.
The
susceptibility of a water molecule to electric fields provides
fundamental and essential information for understanding the vibrational
spectra of water clusters and condensed-phase water. In this study,
the Stark sensitivities for the ν2 bending and ν1 symmetric stretching vibrations of water molecule were experimentally
determined. The water molecules isolated in the solid Ar matrix were
spatially oriented in the direction of the externally applied field
(∼108 V m–1) in the laboratory
frame by using the ice-film nanocapacitor method. The signature of
the field-induced reorientation of water molecules was observed with
reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy. The Stark sensitivities
of the D2O vibrations were determined from the field-induced
change of vibrational frequencies of the spatially oriented D2O molecules. The Stark sensitivity of the D2O bending
vibration was much larger than that of the symmetric stretching vibration,
and the two normal modes showed the opposite signs. Isotope dependence
of the Stark sensitivity of the bending vibration was also observed
by investigating HDO and H2O molecules. An ab initio calculation
was conducted to elaborate on the observed characteristics of the
Stark sensitivity of water vibrations.
The nanoparticles were transformed into the supramolecular polymer as the thermodynamic product, involving a helical inversion from left-handed to right-handed helicity.
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