Value for money in a PFI project depends crucially on performance monitoring to provide incentives for improvement and to ensure that service delivery is in accordance with the output specification. However, the effectiveness of performance monitoring and output specification cannot be fully assessed until PFI projects become operational. There is a need to examine the role of the performance monitoring mechanism in ensuring that 'value for money' is achieved throughout the delivery of services. Based on semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders from the public and private sectors, the case studies suggest that there are low levels of performance deductions in PFI projects during the operational phase. However, the complexity of performance measurement, inadequate resources for performance monitoring and the difficulties in the interpretation of the output specification raise questions as to whether the low level of deductions truly reflect the actual level of services delivered. There is also evidence of the public sector forgoing entitled deductions in the 'spirit of partnership' and in exchange for minor contract variations in the output specification. Both the public and private sectors are undergoing a learning process which should lead to improvements in future PFI contracts.Service delivery, performance monitoring, output specification, PFI/PPP projects,

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Richard Laingholds qualifi cations in Surveying and History, and completed a PhD in value assessment at RGU. Since 1999, he has led and participated in a number of research commissions, including ' Streetscapes ' , ' Greenspace ' and ' Urban Connections. In addition, he has recently led research and development projects for the Department of Health, the ESF and Interreg ERDF, as well as participating as a co-investigator on work supported by the ESRC. He represents the RICS on the European Construction Technology Platform, with a particular emphasis on energy effi ciency in buildings. Jonathan Scottcompleted an HND in Architectural Technology in 1992, followed by a degree in Architectural Technology, graduating in 1998 with a fi rst-class award. Supported by an EPSRC studentship, Scott undertook a PhD, completed in 2004, in the fi eld of environmental design, creating a decision-making tool for the selection of detached homes. Except for a short stint in industry, he has worked in research and teaching, developing his interests in the areas of environmental design, energy monitoring, life-cycle analysis, social and occupancy evaluation. In addition, he is also interested in CAD, surveying technologies and historic conservation. Scott is a course leader in Architectural Technology at RGU.Correspondence: Richard Laing , The Scott Sutherland School of Architecture and Built Environment, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, ABERDEEN AB10 7QB, UK E-mail: r.laing@rgu.ac.uk ABSTRACT This article discusses the use of high-defi nition 3D scanning in the recording and modelling of the built heritage. In particular, it explores how such technology can be used as a complement to both traditional measurement and historic records, as well as in the 3D surface modelling of heritage detail. The article uses examples from cinema buildings of the twentieth century, which arguably embody both an important physical record of society and a challenge in terms of representing a complex range of historical, cultural, economic and physical data sets. The work provides an overview of visualisation techniques that are appropriate to the subject, and provides a case study taken from the city of Aberdeen. In particular, attention is drawn towards the manner in which large and physically complicated structures can be recorded rapidly, to provide a permanent record of dimensions and building form. Furthermore, the data set produced through use of a 3D scanner can be readily translated for incorporation within architectural models such as a 3D surface mesh. The article concludes that emerging technologies will facilitate the rapid collection of highly accurate information pertaining to the still intact physical structure, where still in place, but that such data must be related directly to wider contextual information so that informed plans can be formulated for future developments, including conservation strategies.

During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, thousands of Scottish emigrants travelled to Canada. This paper concerns those buildings which were designed and constructed by Scottish settlers, utilising skills and materials transported from their homeland. The research concerns the extent to which buildings of those early generations of settler might still be intact, with specific reference to selected case studies from Nova Scotia. One is faced with still intact examples of Scottish architectural heritage, located thousands of miles from Scotland. This has interesting and important implications for the manner in which we value, care for and understand meaning within the built heritage.

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