Nine patients treated with primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate were identified among 29,783 cases of prostate cancer evaluated at Mayo Clinic from January 15, 1970, until January 2, 2009. A PubMed search of the English-language literature published from January 1, 1980, to January 1, 2010, was then performed using the key words signet ring cell and prostate, identifying 42 cases. This study reviews those cases, along with the additional 9 reported herein, and evaluates clinical characteristics, histologic diagnoses, treatment modalities, and outcomes. Mean age at diagnosis was 68 years (range, 50-85 years), and mean prostate-specific antigen level was 95.3 ng/mL (range, 1.9-536.0 ng/mL; to convert to μg/L, multiply by 1). Most patients (66%) had non-stage IV carcinoma, the most common Gleason sum was 8 (33%), and mean survival was 29 months. The presence of a primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate was best confirmed by negative findings on gastrointestinal work-up, a positive stain for prostate-specific acid phosphatase, and negative carcinoembryonic antigen test results.

An experiment is reported in which dyslexics (on average ten-and-a-half years old) showed marked Stroop interference of a colour word on the naming of a colour. This interference was larger than that shown by control subjects matched for chronological age, but not larger than that experienced by a group of control subjects matched for reading age (about eight years old). Dyslexics show interference consistent with their reading age. It is hypothesized that the resources available to dyslexics for controlling automatic word reading are less than those for non-dyslexics of a similar chronological age.

Minimally invasive partial nephrectomy without vascular occlusion and with selective arterial clamping is feasible and can be safely performed. With this intermediate-term follow-up there was no clinically significant benefit seen for selective regional or nonischemic techniques.

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Objective• To present the first age-stratified assessment of outcomes after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms resulting from prostate enlargement. Patients and Methods• We retrospectively analysed and compared the morbidity, and the peri-operative and functional outcomes of patients aged 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 and Ն80 years. Complications at 30 days were stratified using the Clavien system. • Functional outcomes were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual urine volume (PVR) and urinary continence. Results• A total of 311 patients underwent HoLEP for obstructive voiding symptoms from August 2007 to June 2011, of whom 22 patients were aged 50-59 years, 91 were aged 60-69 years, 153 were aged 70-79 years, and 45 were aged Ն80 years.• The overall morbidity rates were similar among the age groups (20, 24.4, 21.6 and 22.1% for groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively), as were the incidence of significant complications (Clavien grade Ն III), change in serum haemoglobin level, and length of hospital stay.• Patients Ն80 years did have a longer catheterization time (3.4 days) than patients aged 50-59 years (1.68 days).• By 1 year there were no significant differences in urinary continence, IPSS, Qmax, or PVR among the age groups. Conclusions• Overall morbidity, hospital stay, and 1-year functional outcomes of HoLEP were similar among all age groups. • This study shows that HoLEP is a safe and effective treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia regardless of age.

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Objective To report our experience with ureteroenteric anastomotic revision as initial treatment of stricture after urinary diversion. Methods An institutional review board‐approved retrospective study was carried out. A total of 41 patients who underwent primary ureteroenteric anastamotic revision were identified between 2007 and 2015. Data analyzed included patient characteristics, type of diversion, estimated blood loss, operative time, change in renal function, length of stay, postoperative complications and time with nephrostomy/stent. Success of revision was defined as an improvement in hydronephrosis on radiographic imaging and/or reflux during pouchogram. Predictors of length of stay and complications were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results A total of 50 renal units were revised with a success rate of 100%. The median length of stay was 6 days (2–16 days). There were a total of 15 complications (one major, 14 minor) in 14 patients (33% 30‐day complication rate). The most common were wound infection (n = 4) and arrhythmia (n = 4). Robotic revision (n = 5) had a median length of stay of 3 days (2–4) with no complications. Conclusions Primary ureteroenteric anastomotic revisions have an excellent success rate at an experienced center and might obviate the need for multiple interventions. Open revision is associated with mostly minor complications. Robotic revision might reduce the morbidity of open revision in select cases.