This randomized study examined the efficacy of motivational interviewing (MI) to reduce substance use among adults with depression in outpatient psychiatry. The sample consisted of 104 participants ages 18 and over who reported hazardous drinking (three drinks or more per occasion), illegal drug use or misuse of prescription drugs in the prior 30days, and who scored ≥15 on the Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II). Participants were randomized to receive either three sessions of MI or printed literature about alcohol and drug use risks, as an adjunct to usual outpatient depression care, and completed telephone follow-up interviews at 3 and 6months (93 and 99% of the baseline sample, respectively). Among participants reporting any hazardous drinking at baseline (n=73), MI-treated participants were less likely than controls to report hazardous drinking at 3months (60.0 vs. 81.8%, p=.043). MI is a promising intervention to reduce hazardous drinking among depression patients.
These pilot data partially support the hypothesis that antiglucocorticoids reduce depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, although objective and subjective ratings may not be similarly affected during a four-week course of treatment. Further studies with larger sample sizes, more extensive endocrine assessments and longer duration of drug administration seem warranted.
Implementation of interpersonal psychotherapy in psychiatry residency training was a cornerstone for learning evidence-based treatment approaches as well as for conveying core psychotherapy concepts.
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