The MW7.8 14 November 2016 Kaikoura earthquake generated more than 10000 landslides over a total area of about 10000 km2, with the majority concentrated in a smaller area of about 3600 km2. The largest landslide triggered by the earthquake had an approximate volume of 20 (±2) M m3, with a runout distance of about 2.7 km, forming a dam on the Hapuku River. In this paper, we present version 1.0 of the landslide inventory we have created for this event. We use the inventory presented in this paper to identify and discuss some of the controls on the spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the Kaikoura earthquake. Our main findings are: 1) the number of medium to large landslides (source area 10000 m2) triggered by the Kaikoura earthquake is smaller than for similar sized landslides triggered by similar magnitude earthquakes in New Zealand; 2) seven of the largest eight landslides (from 5 to 20 x 106 m3) occurred on faults that ruptured to the surface during the earthquake; 3) the average landslide density within 200 m of a mapped surface fault rupture is three times that at a distance of 2500 m or more from a mapped surface fault rupture ; 4) the "distance to fault" predictor variable, when used as a proxy for ground-motion intensity, and when combined with slope angle, geology and elevation variables, has more power in predicting landslide probability than the PGA or PGV variables typically adopted for modelling; and 5) for the same slope angles, the coastal slopes have landslide point densities that are an order of magnitude greater than those in similar materials on the inland slopes, but their source areas are significantly smaller.
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The Geological Survey of NSW (GSNSW) has created a 3D geological model of the Sydney-Gunnedah Basin that includes best available geological mapping and new 3D modelling. The onshore Sydney Basin comprises the southern section of the Permo-Triassic Sydney-Gunnedah-Bowen system, which overlies the Lachlan Orogen and Late Carboniferous volcaniclastic rocks. The Hunter-Bowen Orogeny formed the adjacent New England Orogen and resulted in uplift and erosion that deposited Jurassic sedimentary sequences of the Surat Basin over large parts of the Gunnedah Basin. Model generation followed GSNSW's map development workflow, developed as part of the larger project: 3D Mapping of NSW. The integrated Sydney-Gunnedah Basin 3D model was developed with the aim of advancing the understanding of the geological and structural setting of the region. This will inform areas of investigation such as coal and hydrocarbon prospectivity, groundwater management and exploration, and environmental and land use decision making.
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