A structural analysis over various spike proteins from three highly pathogenic Betacoronavirus was done to understand their structural differences. The proteins were modeled using crystal structures from SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and other Betacoronavirus that infect bats and pangolins. The group was split in two sets; the first set corresponds to the non-mutated spike proteins, while the second set corresponds to mutated spike variants alpha, beta, gamma, delta, omicron and mu; five of them classified as variants of concern and the last one as variant of interest. A conformational space exploration was carried out for every protein by using molecular dynamic simulations. Root mean square fluctuations, principal component and crosscorrelation analysis were carried out over the dynamics to analyze the flexibility and rigidity of every protein in comparison to the wild type Spike protein from the SARS-CoV-2. The obtained results indicate that the proteins, which are not spread among humans, have smooth movements compared to those of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. In addition, a relationship between the speed of the virulence and the movement of the protein can explain the behavior of delta and omicron variants.
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