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Small metal particles embedded in an optically transparent matrix result in a composite material which can be transparent in the infrared and into the visible (metals are usually optically opaque). The nanoparticles of the metal are produced by the “template” method, where the material is synthesized within the pores of a nanoporous membrane (see Figure). magnified image

An electrochemical method for the preparation of nanoscopic gold particles which allows for the control of particle size, shape and orientation is described. The UV/visible/near-IR spectra of Au/alumina and Au/polyethylene composites are described and shown to be in accord with the predictions of Maxwell-Garnett theory. The applications of such composites to surface enhanced spectroscopy are also discussed.