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Approximately half of all patients presenting to dermatologists exhibit signs and symptoms of psychiatric conditions that are either primary or secondary to cutaneous disease. Because patients typically resist psychiatric consult, dermatologists often are on the front line in evaluating and treating these patients. Accordingly, distinguishing the specific underlying or resulting psychiatric condition is essential for effective treatment. The etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and first-line treatment of specific primary psychiatric causes of dermatologic conditions, including delusional infestation, Morgellons syndrome, olfactory reference syndrome, body dysmorphic disorder, excoriation disorder, trichotillomania, and dermatitis artefacta are discussed here, followed by a discussion of the recommended treatment approach with an overview of the different first-line therapies discussed in this review, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy, atypical antipsychotics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and tricyclic antidepressants. Included is a guide for dermatologists to use while prescribing these medications.

A 58-year-old African American male was referred for endoscopic evaluation due to a persistent nine-year history of reflux. Previous endoscopy nine years ago revealed a small hiatal hernia and chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) , which was treated with triple therapy. During the current endoscopic evaluation, findings consistent with reflux esophagitis were identified, along with the discovery of an incidental 6 mm sessile polyp in the gastric fundus. Pathological examination revealed the presence of an oxyntic gland adenoma (OGA). Otherwise, the stomach was found to be unremarkable endoscopically and histologically. OGA is a rare gastric neoplasm that is primarily observed in Japan, with very few reported cases in North America. Studies have suggested a potential association with antacids, while the role of H. pylori in the development of OGA remains controversial. Our patient’s OGA was completely resected during the endoscopy, with no recurrence noted on the three-month follow-up.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) portends a notoriously favorable prognosis in most patients with morbidity limited to localized destruction and recurrence. Metastatic BCC (mBCC) is an unexpected outcome affecting less than 1% of patients with a known primary lesion and predominantly involves regional lymph nodes. Reports of isolated bone involvement and spinal cord compression are rare. In the cases we identified in the literature, patients presented with massive primary lesions on the trunk that had been present for years and that were often still present at the time of diagnosis. Additionally, histology of distant metastatic lesions typically reveals aggressive subtypes. Herein, we report a case of mBCC in a patient with a history of BCC involving the cheek; the lesion was excised more than 10 years ago. He was referred to our institution for acutely worsening back pain and multifocal neurologic deficits. Clinical symptoms and radiographic findings demonstrated isolated bone involvement, with multiple lytic bone lesions and spinal cord compression noted on imaging studies. Biopsy revealed nests of small basaloid cells with peripheral palisading and immunohistochemical staining consistent with the unexpected diagnosis of mBCC, nodular subtype. Our case illustrates that a historically resected primary lesion may cause distant metastasis after a decade and that nonaggressive subtypes can also be implicated. We also provide insight into the potential pathogenesis of this manifestation.