Stationary energy storage methods such as flow batteries are one of the best options to integrate with smart power grids. Though electrochemical energy storage using flow battery technologies has been successfully demonstrated since the 1970s, the introduction of ionic liquids into the field of energy storage introduces new dimensions in this field. This reliable energy storage technology can provide significantly more flexibility when incorporated with the synergic effects of ionic liquids. This mini-review enumerates the present trends in redox flow battery designs and the use of ionic liquids as electrolytes, membranes, redox couples, etc. explored in these designs. This review specifically intends to provide an overview of the research prospects of ionic liquids for redox flow batteries (RFB).
Two types of graphite/diamond (GD) particles with different ash content was applied to prepare new electroconductive polylactide (PLA)-based nanocomposites. Four samples of nanocomposites for each type of GD particles with mass fraction 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 were prepared via an easily scalable method—melt blending. The samples were subjected to the studies of electrical properties via broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The results indicated up to eight orders of magnitude improvement in the electrical conductivity and electrical permittivity of the most loaded nanocomposites, in reference to the neat PLA. Additionally, the influence of ash content on the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites revealed that technologically less-demanding fillers, i.e., of higher ash content, were the most beneficial in the light of nanofiller dispersibility and the final properties.
This paper presents a study on the electrical properties of new polylactide-based nanocomposites with the addition of silicon-dioxide–lignin nanoparticles and glycerine as a plasticizer. Four samples were prepared with nanoparticle mass fractions ranging between 0.01 to 0.15 (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15), and three samples were prepared without nanoparticle filler—unfilled and unprocessed polylactide, unfilled and processed polylactide, and polylactide with Fusabond and glycerine. All samples were manufactured using the melt mixing extrusion technique and injection molding. Only the unfilled and unprocessed PLA sample was directly prepared by injection molding. Dielectric properties were studied with broadband spectroscopy in a frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz in 55 steps designed on a logarithmic scale and a temperature range from 293.15 to 333.15 K with a 5 K step. Optical properties of nanocomposites were measured with UV-VIS spectroscopy at wavelengths from 190 to 1100 nm. The experimental data show that the addition of silicon-dioxide–lignin and glycerine significantly affected the electrical properties of the studied nanocomposites based on polylactide. Permittivity and electrical conductivity show a significant increase with an increasing concentration of nanoparticle filler. The optical properties are also affected by nanofiller and cause an increase in absorbance as the number of silicon-dioxide–lignin nanoparticles increase.
The paper summarized results of experimental studies on thermophysical and electrical properties of ethylene glycol based nanofluids containing carbon black nanoparticles. Two types of nanoparticles differing in size and specific surface area were used to develop nanofluids. During examination the thermal conductivity, isobaric heat capacity, mass density, nanofluid-air surface tension, dynamic viscosity, refractive index and electrical conductivity were measured in strict controlled temperature 298.15 K. Obtained results indicate that the specific surface area have great influence on these fundamental properties of nanofluids developed with carbon nanoparticles.
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