Sugarcane bagasse is one of the most abundant biomasses. This study aims to examine the characteristics of bagasse using a pyrolysis system to produce liquid, solid (Biochar), and gaseous. A fixed bed reactor was installed in pyrolysis with temperature variations from 300 to 600°C. The ultimate and proximate analysis was applied to evaluate the characteristic of bagasse. The experimental result found that the maximum bio-oil was obtained at a temperature of 550°C. Several characterizations were done, including gas chromatography and surface area analysis. The Levoglucosan compound of 78% area. The temperature effect on pyrolysis influenced the O/C ratio, H/C ratio, HHV value, and surface area of biochar. The High Heating Value was obtained from 16.698 to 18.496 kJ/kg. Biochar results indicated that the surface area, average pore size, and total pore volume are 180.3-198.0 m2/g, 1.42-4.33 nm, and 0.11-0.12 nm, respectively. The study also analyzed its composition in biochar.
Cooking oil is vegetable oil that has been purified and can be used as foodstuff. Consumption of cooking oil is used as a medium for frying foodstuff, to add flavor and to form texture in bread making. Cooking oil that has been used repeatedly or commonly known as used cooking oil has a very bad impact on our body and will pollute the environment if it is not managed properly. Candles are made of paraffin, melt easily when heated, and can be used as a light source. For making candles, a chemical is added, namely stearin. The function of this stearin is to give shape for candles because stearin will solidify once it cools. The presence of palmitic acid and stearic acid contained in stearin causes stearin to be in a solid state at room temperature. The study was conducted using 400 ml of used cooking oil which was then clarified with variations in the mass of activated carbon as much as 40, 80, and 120 grams. The clarified oil will then be analyzed for its absorbance value using a spectrophotometer UV/VIS, then it will become a wax with the addition of variations in the mass of stearin as much as 50, 75, and 100 grams. The resulting candle will be tested which includes hardness, organoleptic test, flame test, and flame resistance of the candle.
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