Some research shows that college students are not aware of their financial situation and even avoid engaging with their finances. Research has yet to investigate how this financial avoidance is associated with emotional and relational health for college students in romantic relationships. As such, the purpose of this study was to identify the associations between financial avoidance and conflict frequency. Emotional distress was included as a possible mediator of the association. Results revealed that for both men and women, higher financial avoidance was indirectly associated with increased conflict frequency with their partner through increased emotional distress. A direct association was found for men. These results are important as they may give insight into increased mental health issues and relational distress in college students. Implications for practice are discussed. Relationships and FinancesRomantic relationships in college. Although a complex process, forming and sustaining healthy romantic relationships during emerging adulthood is considered one of Journal of Financial Therapy Volume 8, Issue 2 (2017) ISSN: 1945-7774 CC by-NC 4.0 2017 Financial Therapy Association 65 ISSN: 1945-7774 CC by-NC 4.0 2017 Financial Therapy Association 702.122, p =.547; CFI = 1.00; TLI = 1.00; RMSEA = .000; SRMR = .014. Standardized factor loadings were .94 for men's depression and .95 for women's depression, .86 for men's anxiety and .89 for women's anxiety, .72 for men's stress and .82 for women's stress.Conflict frequency. Conflict frequency was measured by asking respondents about the amount of conflict that existed across nine domains of the relationships (Kluwer & Johnson, 2007). This scale was originally adapted from Van De Vliert (1996, 1997). The questions stemmed from the following: "How often did you have a difference of opinion, disagreement, fight, or argument about": (a) money, (b) division of housework, (c) division of childcare, (d) family or in-laws, (e) amount of time spent together, (f) how to spend leisure time, (g) physical intimacy (e.g., sex), (h) emotional intimacy, and (i) goals in life. Responses ranged from 1 never to 7 very often, items were averaged, and higher scores indicated more frequent conflict (Men: M = 2.91, S.D. = 1.08; women: M = 2.63, S.D. = .95). Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were .89 for men and .86 for women. Control variables.We included several important control variables-age, hours worked, income, amount of student loans, credit card debt, amount of financial aid, amount of aid from family, relationship length, and relationship status-because of their potential relationship to financial health and well-being (Archuleta, Dale, & Spann, 2013). All variables were scored to be continuous (except relationship status), so that higher scores reflected higher/more of that scale. The following categories of relationship status were dummy coded (0, 1): Dating and cohabiting, dating and not cohabiting, engaged, and married. Analytic PlanDescriptive statistics and bivariate...
Purpose: The objectives of the current study were to: (1) assess the impact of household structure (i.e. living alone compared to living with children, a partner, or both) and presence of children on mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic; and (2) determine whether these associations are moderated by income or sex.Results: A total of 2,524 adults aged 25-55 were included in the analytic sample. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations between explanatory variables and mental distress, measured via the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-4. In adjusted models, each additional child under the age of 12 was associated a decrease in mental distress (β=-0.21, p=0.03). This finding was significant when adjusting for sociodemographic variables (age, sex, race, education, household income, living with a partner, and currently having a job) and historical depressive symptoms (CESD-8). Having children between the ages of 13 and 18 and household structure were not significantly associated with mental distress.Conclusion: This study supports prior literature that demonstrates the positive association of childrearing with psychological well-being, and suggests that these benefits may be present even under stay-at-home orders in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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