Cultura de segurança do paciente em três hospitais brasileiros com diferentes tipos de gestão

Resumo: Introdução: Este estudo teve como propósito estimar a prevalência de sintomas de estresse, depressão e ansiedade dos estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), associando-os com outros fatores. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo epidemiológico, do tipo transversal. Participaram desta pesquisa estudantes de Medicina da UFRN, distribuídos equitativamente entre os diferentes períodos do curso. Entregaram-se 288 questionários, no entanto validaram-se 279, os demais não foram respondidos corretamente. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UFRN (Parecer nº 2.009.026) e todos os voluntários assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), após serem informados sobre os objetivos da pesquisa. Para a coleta dos dados, utilizaram-se os seguintes instrumentos: 1. ficha de Identificação para os dados sociodemográficos, 2. Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL), 3. Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB) e 4. Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI). Para análise dos resultados, realizaram-se análises descritivas a partir da média, do desvio padrão e da frequência dos dados coletados. A análise inferencial foi realizada para verificar a associação entre as variáveis de desfechos e os atributos dos estudantes. Resultados: Dos estudantes entrevistados, 66,3% tinham estresse e a maioria estava na fase de resistência (58,4%) com predominância de sintomas psicológicos (42,3%). Em relação à sintomatologia depressiva, 28% dos estudantes apresentavam sintomas: 51,3% com sinais de depressão de leve a moderada, 35,9% com sinais de depressão moderada e 12,8% com sinais de depressão severa. No que se refere à sintomatologia ansiosa, 66,3% dos estudantes apresentavam sinais de ansiedade em seu grau mínimo; e 33,7%, sinais de ansiedade leve, moderada ou severa. Desses últimos, 21,9% tinham sinais de ansiedade leve; 10,8%, sinais de ansiedade moderada; e 1%, sinais de ansiedade severa. Conclusões: Diante disso, acredita-se que as instituições de ensino superior devem se comprometer com o desenvolvimento integral dos seus estudantes apresentando estratégias institucionais para o enfrentamento dessa realidade.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto do Programa Bolsa Família na superação da Insegurança Alimentar. Realizou-se um estudo de coorte em 2005 e 2011, em amostra de famílias residentes em São José dos Ramos e Nova Floresta, Paraíba, Brasil. Em 2005 foram avaliados 609 domicílios e em 2011 foram encontradas e entrevistadas 406 famílias. Houve aumento da segurança alimentar/insegurança alimentar leve e melhoria nos indicadores socioeconômicos. Percebeu-se uma relação significativa entre a elevação da renda e a melhoria dos níveis de Insegurança Alimentar. O programa impacta positivamente no aumento da renda, propiciando melhorias dos níveis de segurança alimentar/insegurança alimentar leve. Percebeu-se que outras variáveis socioeconômicas podem estar contribuindo na melhoria deste perfil. Diante disso, no combate à insegurança alimentar e nutricional, são necessárias outras políticas e programas que ajam nos demais determinantes.

Objective:The study evaluated the trend of hospitalization for ischemic stroke (HIS) and its hospital mortality in Brazil over the last 15 years as well as the impact of the Hiperdia program in this scenario. Methods: An ecological study was designed with analytical approach and data collected in the Hospital Admission System on episodes of stroke, over the years 1998 to 2012. All data were stratified by sex and age, creating an indicator for HIS and proportion of hospital mortality. To estimate the trend of the data a polynomial curve fitting was created; and the Generalized Linear Model was applied to investigate the impact of Hiperdia on the endpoint HIS and hospital mortality. We adopted a 5% significance level to minimize an error type I. Results: We observed a reduction of HIS from 37.57/10 5 inhabitants in 1998 to 2001 to 10.33/10 5 inhabitants in 2002 to 2005, declining 73.64%. The reduction occurred in both sexes and for all age groups. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke also declined in Brazil since 2002, in both men and women, therefore in less than 3%; and only in the groups aged between 0 and 14 and above 80 years, we did not detect trend. Conclusion: Therefore, the decline of HIS temporally coincided with the implementation of Hiperdia in 2002 and this trend continues today.

Introduction: Depressive disorders can be defined as episodes of depressed mood or loss of interest and pleasure in nearly all activities. Depression is considered a major mental disorder in the elderly, and may be related to quality of sleep and living habits as well as being influenced by sociodemographic factors. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression among the elderly in the north-east of Brazil, and the relationship between the condition and socio-demographic profile, quality of sleep and living habits. Method: An epidemiological cross-sectional study was performed of the elderly population of the urban area of Campina Grande, Paraiba. The dependent variable presence of depression and the independent variables sociodemographic aspects, sleep quality, and living habits were investigated. Estimates of the prevalence of the variables were obtained and association measured using Poisson Regression. A 5% significance level was adopted for the estimates. Results: The study included 168 elderly patients with a mean age of 72.3 (±7.8) years, most of whom, 122 (72.6%), were women. Depression was identified in 72 elderly persons (42.9%). Elderly women were twice as associated with depression (PR=2.26) as men. A subjective quality of sleep of very good (PR=0.34), medium/high risk of sleep disturbance (PR = 4.08), taking sleeping medications once or twice (PR=5.21) and three times or more (PR=8.69) a week, daytime dysfunction once or twice (PR=14.40) and three times or more (PR=27) a week and poor quality of sleep on the Pittsburgh index were associated with depression in bivariate analysis, although there was no relationship following multivariable adjustment. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression was high in the studied population, being noticeably more frequent among elderly woman. However, it was not possible to detect an association between depression and living habits and sleep quality.

BackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of scoliosis and to analyze the factors associated with scoliosis in schoolchildren aged between 7 and 17 years.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional and quantitative study with stratified random selection of public school students in the city of Santa Cruz, Brazil. The presence of scoliosis was examined, as well as the flexibility of the posterior muscle chain, socioeconomic characteristics, anthropometry, lifestyle habits, sexual maturation, and ergonomics of school furniture. In order to identify factors associated with scoliosis, the variables were divided in biological, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and ergonomic factors, and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) were estimated by means of Poisson regression analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and twelve pupils participated in this study (mean age 11.61 years, 58% female). The prevalence of scoliosis was 58.1% (n = 123) and associated with female sex (PR 2.54; 95% CI, 1.33–4.86) and age between 13 and 15 years (PR 5.35; 95% CI, 2.17–13.21). Sleeping in a hammock was inversely associated with scoliosis (PR 0.44; 95% CI, 0.23–0.81).ConclusionsScoliosis seems to be positively associated with female sex and age between 13 and 15 years, whereas the habit of sleeping in a hammock is negatively associated with the onset of scoliosis.

It was found that obesity for women, and depression and cardiovascular dysfunction risking for men were associated with EDS in the elderly. The variable sex is a confusion condition for the association with sleepiness.

Background Brazil, as many other countries, have been heavily affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Primary health care and the family health strategy (FHS) coverage, the scores of the National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ), and socioeconomic and social indicators in the number of COVID-19 cases in Brazilian largest cities. Methods This is an ecological study, carried out through the analysis of secondary data on the population of all Brazilian main cities, based on the analysis of a 26-week epidemiological epidemic week series by COVID-19. Statistical analysis was performed using Generalized Linear Models with an Autoregressive work correlation matrix. Results It was shown that greater PHC coverage and greater FHS coverage together with an above average PMAQ score are associated with slower dissemination and lower burden of COVID-19. Conclusion It is evident that cities with less social inequality and restrictions of social protection combined with social development have a milder pandemic scenario. It is necessary to act quickly on these conditions for COVID-19 dissemination by timely actions with high capillarity. Expanding access to PHC and social support strategies for the vulnerable are essential.