The proportion of all deaths due to euthanasia varies greatly between different diseases. If death does not come unexpectedly, the decision to perform euthanasia apparently depends greatly on the extent to which intolerable and hopeless suffering are experienced. This study provides some evidence that this differs not only between patients but also between diseases.

We develop our existing two-dimensional lattice gas model to simulate the flow of single phase, binary immiscible and ternary amphiphilic fluids. This involves the inclusion of fixed obstacles on the lattice, together with the inclusion of "no-slip" boundary conditions. Here we report on preliminary applications of this model to the flow of such fluids within model porous media. We also construct fluid invasion boundary conditions, and the effects of invading aqueous solutions of surfactant on oil-saturated rock during imbibition and drainage are described.

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This set of three case studies portrays a unique intervention undertaken at The Johns Hopkins Hospital in response to the COVID-19 pandemic with a goal to reduce the impact of absentee visitors during patient care on physicians, nurses, and the patient's loved ones. The intervention, known by the acronym TIMS, "This is My Story", involves a chaplain-initiated telephone call to a loved one, someone who has been identified by the patient as part of their care discussions, of hospitalized patients who have difficulty with communicating to the medical team. The call is recorded then edited for conciseness, and attached to the electronic health record for the entire medical care team to hear. The focus of the chaplain lead conversation with a loved one centers around gathering and presenting information about the patient as a person. Medical team members listen to the edited audio file either on rounds or by utilizing a hyperlink in the electronic health record (EHR). The audio file is two minutes or less in length, as this is the optimal size for comprehension without overburdening the care provider. While conducting the interview, there is an opportunity for chaplains to provide spiritual and emotional support to loved ones and medical staff, contributing substantively to patient care, as is illustrated in the case studies.

Between 1979 and 1997, successive Conservative governments sought to reduce the scale of public sector activity and to introduce competition in the provision of public sector services. A central feature of this policy was the introduction of compulsory competitive tendering (CCT). CCT was initially confined to blue collar services but, by means of the Local Government Act 1992, it was extended to white collar, professional services, including financial services. However, though potentially extremely significant, the support for and implications of such a policy are issues which have been inadequately researched. Because of this, research has been under‐taken into financial services CCT and has included a questionnaire survey of 300 professionally qualified accountants employed in 17 local authorities in the North West of England, drawn from county councils, district councils and metropolitan authorities. The article presents the findings of the survey, with a particular focus on the views of accountants on CCT in general and financial services CCT in particular. In addition, it provides evidence that the CCT process, irrespective of views on CCT and its appropriateness for specific activities, has changed culture and attitudes in the case of local government finance professionals.