Individuals reporting chronic, nonmalignant pain for at least 6 months (N=114) were randomly assigned to 8 weekly group sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) after a 4-6 week pretreatment period and were assessed after treatment and at 6-month follow-up. The protocols were designed for use in a primary care rather than specialty pain clinic setting. All participants remained stable on other pain and mood treatments over the course of the intervention. ACT participants improved on pain interference, depression, and pain-related anxiety; there were no significant differences in improvement between the treatment conditions on any outcome variables. Although there were no differences in attrition between the groups, ACT participants who completed treatment reported significantly higher levels of satisfaction than did CBT participants. These findings suggest that ACT is an effective and acceptable adjunct intervention for patients with chronic pain.

This project identified evidence-based psychotherapy treatments for anxiety disorders in older adults. The authors conducted a review of the geriatric anxiety treatment outcome literature by using specific coding criteria and identified 17 studies that met criteria for evidence-based treatments (EBTs). These studies reflected samples of adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) or samples with mixed anxiety disorders or symptoms. Evidence was found for efficacy for 4 types of EBTs. Relaxation training, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and, to a lesser extent, supportive therapy and cognitive therapy have support for treating subjective anxiety symptoms and disorders. CBT for late-life GAD has garnered the most consistent support, and relaxation training represents an efficacious, relatively low-cost intervention. The authors provide a review of the strengths and limitations of this research literature, including a discussion of common assessment instruments. Continued investigation of EBTs is needed in clinical geriatric anxiety samples, given the small number of available studies. Future research should examine other therapy models and investigate the effects of psychotherapy on other anxiety disorders, such as phobias and posttraumatic stress disorder in older adults.

A key step in the oxidation of water to O 2 in the catalytic cycle of Photosystem II is the conversion of a MnOH species to MnO. This transformation is proposed to occur through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) 1 from the hydroxo ligand to a nearby tyrosyl radical. 2 Examples of this transformation in well-characterized systems are rare. 3 The reverse reaction, in which a hydrogen atom is abstracted from a substrate by a highly reactive metal oxo intermediate, is more commonly observed. 4 Imido ligands, which are often considered to be surrogates for oxos, display similar reactivity. Thus, hydrogen abstraction by imidos is often observed, 5,6 but their formation by PCET from an amido complex has not been reported. 7 Here we describe the formation of a cobalt(III) imido complex from the corresponding cobalt (II) amido complex, and present computational data consistent with a concerted (PCET) pathway.The four-coordinate complex LCoCl 8 (L = phenyltris(1-tertbutylimidazol-2-ylidene)borato) reacts with LiNH t Bu to form the dark green, high spin (S = 3/2) amido complex LCoNH t Bu in high yield. This rare example of a monomeric cobalt amido complex has been crystallographically characterized (Fig. 1a). The asymmetric unit consists of three crystallographically independent molecules, all showing identical structural features. The Co-N bond lengths (1.886(7)-1.88(2) Å) and bent Co-N-C linkages (152.5(2)-172.4(9)°) are comparable to those of other three-and four-coordinate cobalt amido complexes. 9The 1 H NMR spectrum of the complex is consistent with the X-ray crystal structure. Seven paramagnetically shifted resonances are observed and can be assigned on the basis of integration. A weak band at 3149 cm -1 in the IR spectrum is assigned to the N-H stretching vibration. Although sensitive to both water and oxygen, this complex has significantly greater thermal stability than most late transition metal alkylamido complexes, remaining unchanged for days at 100 °C.Reaction of the amido complex with the stable 2,4,6-tri(tert-butyl)phenoxy radical 10 results in immediate formation of the lilac cobalt(III) imido complex LCoN t Bu in high yield (Scheme 1). The diamagnetic cobalt product has been characterized by X-ray crystallography (Fig. 1b) and 1 H NMR spectroscopy, and the 2,4,6-tri(tert-butyl)phenol byproduct has been characterized by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The X-ray crystal structure of LCoN t Bu shows similar features to related complexes. In particular, the short Co(1)-N(41) bond length (1.660(3) Å) and linear Co(1)-N(41)-C(41) bond angle (179.7(3)°) are in line with other structurally characterized cobalt(III) imidos. 11 This transformation is unique in the synthesis of late metal imido complexes, which are typically prepared via nitrene capture by low valent precursors.jesmith@nmsu.edu. At least three mechanisms for the formation of LCo III N t Bu can be proposed (Scheme 2, the corresponding organic species are not shown). 12 The cobalt(II) amido complex could react by electron transfer (ET) to form an intermed...

Some evidence suggests that acceptance-based approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) may be well-suited to geriatric generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The primary goal of this project was to determine whether ACT was feasible for this population. Seven older primary-care patients with GAD received 12 individual sessions of ACT; another 9 were treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy. No patients dropped out of ACT, and worry and depression improved. Findings suggest that ACT may warrant a large-scale investigation with anxious older adults.