A splenic tumor model was successfully established. When compared to meticulous technique, purposefully traumatic handling of the splenic tumor before resection resulted in significantly more port wound and incisional tumors. In contrast, the addition of a pneumo after splenectomy did not significantly influence the incidence of port tumors in either the "good" or the "poor" technique groups. These results suggest that surgical technique plays a larger role in the development of port site tumors than the CO2 pneumoperitoneum.
Both colon-26 adenocarcinoma and B-16 melanoma tumors grow larger after laparotomy than after pneumoperitoneum in a murine model. The mechanism of these postoperative tumor growth differences remains to be elucidated.
Overall, significantly more port and incisional tumors were noted in the laparoscopic-assisted group. Although not statistically significant, mortality rate of the laparoscopic-assisted group was higher than the open group. The reasons for these findings are unclear. Laparoscopic mobilization was quite difficult and required excessive splenic manipulation, which may have liberated tumor cells from the primary tumor and facilitated port tumor formation. With increased experience, less manipulation was required to complete mobilization. Of note, the incidence of port tumors in the laparoscopic-assisted splenectomy group decreased significantly from the first to the second trials; therefore, it is possible that surgical technique is a factor in port tumor formation. However, the persistently high tumor incidence at the subcostal incision site argues against the hypothesis that the second trial's laparoscopic mobilizations were less traumatic. The CO2 pneumoperitoneum may also be a factor. Further studies are warranted to clarify these issues.
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