Modern microprocessors are loaded with a lot of performance optimization features. Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) instruction set feature specially designed for improving the performance of multimedia applications is one among them. But most of the encryption algorithms do not use these features to its fullest. This paper discusses various optimization principles to be followed by encryption algorithm designers to exploit the features of underlying processor to the maximum. It also analyses the performance of four eSTREAM finalist stream ciphers – HC-128, Rabbit, Salsa 20/12 and Sosemanuk – under various methods of implementation. Scope of implementing these stream ciphers using SIMD instructions is examined and improvement in performance achieved by this implementation has been measured. Modifications in the algorithm which provide further improvement in performance of these ciphers are also studied
Background
Tuberculosis continues to be a worldwide public health problem. Despite the noted gradual decline in tuberculosis case rates in the UK, clinicians should still be aware of these unusual presentations. Sternal tuberculosis is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and it can initially be a diagnostic challenge for paediatricians. These lesions can present with nonspecific signs and symptoms that may mimic malignancy.
Case presentation
We present a case of a 3-year-old African descent girl with a sternal swelling that was confirmed to be Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA on gastric aspirate. The child had additional radiological investigations that corresponded accordingly. She was started on quadruple antituberculosis therapy with good outcome.
Conclusion
Tuberculosis sternal abscess is as rare finding, especially in developed countries where tuberculosis is not endemic. Tuberculosis may not always present with pulmonary symptoms in children. There should be a high suspicion of tuberculosis, especially in immigrant population presenting with unusual presentations. Our aim is to increase awareness around atypical presentations of tuberculosis in children. Although, tuberculosis is endemic to underdeveloped countries, clinicians should still be aware of presentations in view of current global migration.
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