A variable of personality which has been shown to have considerable predictive value in both social and clinical psychology is that which is variously labelled authoritarianism, dogmatism, fascism, and anti‐scientific attitude. The term ‘conservatism’ is preferred because it is less value‐toned than other alternatives. Previous tests of this dimension are criticized on a number of grounds and the development of a new test which circumvents these deficiencies is described. The ‘Conservatism Scale’ is found to be a remarkably reliable, valid, and economical instrument.

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Background: L-arginine is the common substrate for the two isoforms of arginase. Arginase I, highly expressed in the liver and arginase II mainly expressed in the kidney. Arginase I-producing myeloid derived suppressor cells have been shown to inhibit T-cell function by the depletion of L-arginine. On the other hand, arginase II has been detected in patients with cancer and is thought to metabolize L-arginine to L-ornithine needed to sustain rapid tumor growth; however its role in L-arginine depletion is unclear. Thus, in tumor biology, L-arginine metabolism may play a dual role in tumor growth and in the induction of T cell dysfunction. Therefore, we studied in murine renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines, the effect of arginase II on tumor cell proliferation and L-arginine depletion. The effect of arginase inhibitors on cell proliferation was also tested.

CRISI: QUALE CRISI? CAMBIAMENTO RURALE E SVILUPPO URBANO NELL'ITALIA APPENNINICA DEL PERIODO IMPERIALEL'articolo esamina le testimonianze usate tradizionalmente a sostegno dell'idea di una ‘crisi del I secolo d.C.’ nell'agricoltura italiana — l'editto di Domiziano sulla vite, le lettere di Plinio, e gli alimenta italiani — e le mette in relazione ai risultati forniti da recenti ricognizioni archeologiche di superficie per proporre un nuovo modello del cambiamento economico negli Appennini centrali in questo periodo. L'autore sostiene che una crisi agricola che si ripercuote su tutta l'ltalia è inconcepibile a causa delle diversità geografiche, climatiche e culturali tra le varie regioni della penisola; così ogni analisi della economia italiana deve avere intenti regionali. Il caso degli Appennini centrali viene preso come soggetto specifico di studio: l'esame di tre fattori interconnessi—l'agglomerazione dei possedimenti rurali, lo sviluppo urbano e una crescente ricchezza dell'elite—suggerisce che l'introduzione degli alimenta fu una risposta dell'imperatore Traiano a un percettibile impoverimento della classe rurale durante il I secolo d.C.

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the determination of bromobuterol, cimaterol, clenbuterol, clenpenterol, hydroxymethylclenbuterol, isoxsuprine, mabuterol, ractopamine, ritrodrine, salbutamol, terbutaline, and tulobuterol residues in bovine liver and retina is reported. This procedure uses enzymatic digestion, liquid–liquid extraction, and cleanup on Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction cartridges, followed by determination of the residues by LC-tandem quadrupole MS using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in the positive ion mode. Overall average recoveries ranged from 23 to 76% for liver and 34 to 77% for retina. The mean values for samples fortified at levels between 0.5–2.0 μg/kg (liver) and 5–20 μg/kg (retina) agreed within 98–118% of the spiked levels, with coefficients of variation ranging from 6 to 20%. The decision limits, CCα, ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 μg/kg for liver, 1–3 μg/kg for retina, and detection capabilities, CCβ, from 0.2–0.5 μg/kg for liver and 2–5 μg/kg for retina.

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Of a sample of 139 high school students, humor preference profiles were compared for 30 5s scoring highest on the Conservatism Scale, and 30 5s scoring lowest. As predicted, high-conservative Ss tended to prefer "safe," formal types of humor (e.g., puns), while low conservatives (liberals) expressed greater appreciation of transparently "libidinal" types of humor (sick and sexual). Results were interpreted as indicating the importance of individual differences in the extent to which it is necessary for appetitive content to be disguised by the structural aspects of the joke medium before humorous affect is evoked.

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