BackgroundIndividuals living with diabetes mellitus are at an increased risk of developing foot ulcers and cardiovascular complications or a neuropathy that may result in amputations. These complications have been shown to be already present in about 10% of diabetic patients at the time of diagnosis.ObjectivesThis study was carried out to determine the level of awareness and attitude to foot care among adult diabetic patients attending a university health centre (i.e. a primary care centre) and to emphasise the ever-present need for health education and promotion and early complication detection (especially of foot problems) among diabetic patients.MethodA descriptive cross-sectional, clinic-based study was carried out at the University of Ibadan Health Centre (Jaja Clinic). The study population consisted of consenting adult diabetic patients. Data were collected by the self-administration of structured questionnaires to eligible subjects and were analysed using the SPSS v.15software. Appropriate statistics were employed to analyse the collected data.ResultsA total of 137 patients participated in the study and ranged in age from 37 to 75 years, with the mean ± SD age being 58.2 ± 9.2 years. Of the participants, 98 (71.5%) were men and 39 (28.5%) were women; all of the participants were married. The duration of illness ranged from 1 year to 20 years, with the median duration of illness being 3 ± 1.7 years. One hundred and twenty-six (92%) patients had never received any education on foot care from their healthcare providers, while 11 (8%) had received some form of foot care education. Among those who had never received any foot care education, 92 (73%) had been diabetic for 1–5 years, while the remaining 34 (27%) had been diabetic for 6 – 20 years. Of the foot care measures that were known, 35 (25.5%) patients knew to wash their feet daily and dry in between the toes thoroughly, 31 (22.6%) knew not to go outdoors barefooted, 27 (19.7%) checked their feet daily, 27 (19.7%) checked inside their shoes daily, 8 (5.8%) consciously made an effort to avoid injuries to their feet and 4 (2.9%) clipped their toenails with care.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that awareness of foot care measures is very poor among known diabetic patients and this is largely due to a lack of education of the patients by their health care providers.
A plethora of health‐related concerns, including skin disorders, are particularly common during the critical periods of adolescence and young adulthood. Their reactions to skin‐related disorders can be different from their reactions to other disorders. While medical problems could be physiologically impacting, skin disorders like excoriation disorder can, in addition, directly affect their physical appearance in ways that have psychological consequences like anxiety, low self‐esteem, and impaired quality of life. The increasing prevalence of excoriation disorder has resulted in its inclusion in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) and the eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11) manuals as one of the obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD)‐related disorders. However, health care professionals may not often recognize this important entity especially among adolescents and young adults with acne vulgaris presenting with chronic or recurrent acne‐induced postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and scars. A number of self‐reported tools are available for use in screening and/or assessment of excoriation disorder and to aid its management. While both pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic therapies are available, patient education is important. Physicians who usually make first contact with patients, such as Family Medicine Physicians, Pediatricians, Dermatologists, and Aesthetic Medicine Physicians, should have a relatively high index of suspicion for this disorder, especially in those presenting rather frequently with new or repeat lesions. Prompt referral to licensed mental health specialists is encouraged in order to ensure the provision of holistic care to affected persons.
Achievement of excellence in the aviation industry largely depends on a highly effective workforce. In the management of organizational behavior, the well-being of employees is essential in the workforce and organization’s outcomes. Despite the roles of occupational burnout in well-being and productivity, not much exist in the global literature that includes the Saudi aviation industry. Our study was designed as a survey to examine the prevalence of occupational burnout in the aviation industry. It involved a sample size of 1051 from different work groups in the industry. Questionnaires that required information on socio-demographics and contained the Maslach and Jackson’s burnout inventory that was adapted for the study were utilized for data collection. A prevalence of 41.7% of occupational burnout was found and it existed by age and work group differences in the sample. The findings are indicative of burnout as a near epidemic that has significant potential to negatively influence employees’ productivity in the industry. Enlarging the scope and inclusion of some other dispositional variables that could enhance impact analysis of occupational burnout may be considered in future researches. Nevertheless, the study has provided empirical basis to raise awareness of occupational burnout for management, scholars and practitioners. It is expected to guide interventions that promote employees’ well-being, and also help to expand the global literature on aviation industry data.
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