The thermal decomposition of 9,10-diphenylanthracene peroxide in the presence of a series of ten representative substrates has been studied. The oxidation products are formed in good to excellent yield along with 9,10-diphenylanthracene. The structures of the oxygenated products are the same as those observed in parallel dye-sensitized photooxygenation reactions. The method thus provides a synthetically useful chemical method for carrying out singlet oxygen reactions. A mechanism consisting of (a) dissociation of 9,10-diphenylanthracene peroxide to 9,10-diphenylanthracene and singlet oxygen followed by (b) reaction of singlet oxygen with the substrate is in accord with the kinetic studies which have been carried out.(1) For a preliminary report of this work, see . H. Wasserman and
OBJECTIVE
To report race-based outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) in a cohort stratified by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk category with updated follow-up.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Studies describing racial disparities in outcomes after RP are conflicting. We studied 15,993 white and 1634 African American (AA) pretreatment-naïve men who underwent RP at our institution (1992–2013) with complete preoperative and pathologic data. Pathologic outcomes were compared between races using appropriate statistical tests; biochemical recurrence (BCR) for men with complete follow-up was compared using multivariate models that controlled separately for preoperative and postoperative covariates.
RESULTS
Very low- and low-risk AA men were more likely to have positive surgical margins (P <.01), adverse pathologic features (P <.01), and be upgraded at RP (P <.01). With a median follow-up of 4.0 years after RP, AA race was an independent predictor of BCR among NCCN low-risk (HR, 2.16; P <.001) and intermediate-risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.34; P = .024) classes and pathologic Gleason score ≤6 (HR, 2.42; P <.001) and Gleason score 7 (HR, 1.71; P <.001). BCR-free survival for very low-risk AA men was similar to low-risk white men (P = .890); BCR-free survival for low-risk AA men was similar to intermediate-risk white men (P = .060).
CONCLUSION
When stratified by NCCN risk, AA men with very low-, low-, or intermediate-risk prostate cancer who undergo RP are more likely to have adverse pathologic findings and BCR compared with white men. AA men with “low risk” prostate cancer, especially those considering active surveillance, should be counseled that their recurrence risks can resemble those of whites in higher risk categories.
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