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Using a ‘clean’ jet facility the relationship between the jet flow and its radiation field was studied experimentally in the Mach-number range 0.05 < Mj < 0.20 and a Reynolds-number range 6 × 104 < ReD < 2.3 × 105. The various acoustic source parameters such as strength, frequency and Mach number were varied systematically, and the far-field pressure measured simultaneously. On the basis of these measurements the nature of the sources in the initial shear layer could be characterized. The principal results, equally valid for unexcited and excited jets, are as follows: the acoustic sources are not convected but are located within a confined volume fixed with respect to the nozzle even though they are being generated by moving disturbances in the jet; they are associated with the nonlinear saturation of the unstable wave amplitudes of the shear layer occurring at the vortex-pairing locations; the radiation intensity varies nonlinearly with the source strength and is highly directional, exponential in character.

The radiation field generated by a supersonic turbulent boundary layer is examined. A short description of the experimental technique for measuring the pressure fluctuations is given. One finds that for a given free-stream Mach number the fluctuations scale with the wall shearing stress τw, the nondimensional radiation intensity p′2¯/τw2 increases with Mach number and is two orders of magnitude smaller than the intensity measured on the wall. From the measurements of some statistical properties such as space-time correlation and energy spectrum, one concludes that the streamwise propagation of the radiated pressure is different from that of the wall pressure at lower Mach numbers, and that the radiated field contains relatively much more energy in the low-wavenumber region than does the near field. Some attempt is made to explain these results.

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