Objective: To determine by cerebral venography and manometry in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension the cause of the previously demonstrated venous hypertension in the superior sagittal and proximal transverse sinuses. Methods: Cerebral venous sinus pressure was measured before and immediately after C1-2 puncture with removal of 20 to 25 mL of CSF. Results: Lowering the intracranial pressure by lateral C1-2 puncture during manometry has shown that the venous hypertension resolves immediately. Conclusion: These studies indicate that the venous hypertension is due to compression of the transverse sinuses by raised intracranial pressure and not due to a primary obstructive process in the cerebral venous sinuses.
Autism has been described in association with a variety of medical and genetic conditions. We previously reported on a patient whose clinical phenotype was compatible with both fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) and autism. Here we present five additional patients with FVS and autism. In all five of our patients, there was evidence of cognitive deficits, manifestations of autism, and typical phenotypic characteristics of FVS. The association between this known teratogen and autism has both clinical and research implications.
Results confirm a favourable effect on relapses as pregnancy proceeds, and an early postpartum peak. Pre-conception DMT exposure and low ARR were independently protective against postpartum relapse. This novel finding could provide clinicians with a strategy to minimise postpartum relapse risk in women with MS planning pregnancy.
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