with primary particle sizes of 16 -100 nm, on the acoustic properties of silicone rubber have been investigated, in order to develop an acoustic lens material for medical echo probes with a low acoustic attenuation (). Silicone rubber doped with Yb 2 O 3 powder having a high density () of 9:2 Â 10 3 kg/m 3 and an average particle size of 16 nm showed a lower acoustic attenuation than silicone rubber doped with other powders. The materials showed ¼ 1:54 Â 10 3 kg/m 3 , a sound velocity ðcÞ ¼ 882 m/s, an acoustic impedance Á cðZÞ ¼ 1:36 Â 10 6 kg m À2 s À1 , and an acoustic attenuation ¼ 0:93 dB mm À1 MHz À1 at 37 C. Silicone rubber doped with Fe 2 O 3 powder having ¼ 5:2 Â 10 3 kg/m 3 and an average particle size of 30 nm showed the highest ¼ 2:36 dB mm À1 MHz À1 and Z ¼ 1:47 Â 10 6 kg m À2 s À1 . Microstructure observation of the rubber by scanning microscopy revealed that the of the powder-doped rubber is not only determined by the primary particle size of the powders but also by the dispersion and agglomeration of the secondary particles in the rubber matrix. The discovery of the process parameter required to reduce the of the nanopowder-doped silicone rubber has an important practical consequence.
The acoustic attenuation properties of room temperature vulcanization (RTV) silicone rubber lenses with platinum (Pt) metal particle sizes ranging from 10 to 94 nm were investigated for the acoustic lens application for a medical ultrasound array probe. Pt particle size did not change their sound velocities, 858 -861 m/s, but changed their acoustic attenuation property noticeably. RTV silicone rubber doped with the largest Pt particle, 94 nm, showed the largest attenuation, 2.24 dB/mmMHz, whereas, RTV silicone rubber doped with the smallest Pt particle, 10 nm, showed the smallest attenuation, 0.84 dB/mmMHz, with an acoustic impedance of 1.31 MRayls. The fine particle size with the application of a high-density dopant to RTV silicone rubber is important for realizing a low-acoustic-attenuation silicone lens for a probe for high-frequencies of higher than 5 MHz.
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