The drift speed of small floating objects subjected to periodic waves was investigated experimentally. Although data scatter is evident, the results show reasonably good agreement between Stokes third order mass transport drift speed and the drift speed of small surface floats, for the lower wave amplitudes. For the steepest waves there is good agreement between the data and recent developments of Longuet-Higgins. Surprisingly, the objects of deeper draft, such as a small spar-type buoy, drifted faster than the Stokes drift speed in the lower amplitude wave region of the tests. In the steepest waves the deeper buoys drifted a bit slower than the small objects.
Where wake effects are negligjble. potential flow calculations predict well the lift and added mass forces acting on pipelines near the ocean floor when subjected to time dependent flows. Wake effects have a significant influence on the flow conditions and measured frequencies of vortex shedding can predict the drag force acting on the cylinder. The Strouhal number is a function of the gap below the cylinder. The added mass coefficient is much larger when the cylinder is near the boundary than when it is a free stream. -
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