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Lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) associated with transplantable line Ib lymphocytic leukemia in C58iWm mice, K36 lymphocytic leukemia in AKRiJ mice, and the Gardner lymphosarcoma in C3HIHeJ mice elicited a fatal neuroparalytic disease when injected ip into 7-to g-month-old X-irradiated indicator C58 mice. LDV associated with the WEHI-3B line of transplantable myelomonocytic leukemia or the Harding-Passey transplantable myeloma in BALB/c mice failed to elicit the disease. Recipients of such tumor extracts were immune to rechallenge by line Ib-associated LDV. Tumor lines free of LDV failed to elicit the disease or immunize recipient mice to line Ib LDV challenge. The Plagemann (P-LDV), Riley (R-LDV), and Notkins (N-LDV) strains of LDV were less neuropathogenic than the line Ib-derived strain (Ib-LDV). Indicator C58 mice that survived infection by the P-LDV, R-LDV, and N-LDV strains were immune to rechallenge by Ib-LDV. Antiserum prepared in young C58 mice to Ib-LDV or R-LDV protected indicator C58 mice from Ib-LDV challenge. These results show that a common viral contaminant of transplantable tumors and virus stocks that ordinarily is not pathogenic elicits a fatal neurologic disease in genetically susceptible, immunosuppressed, C58 mice.

A reverse transcriptase PCR was developed to detect 50 or 5,000 RNA copies of influenza A virus per ml in throat swab specimens. The assay was more sensitive than the Directigen Flu A test. The technique was also used to detect amantadine-resistant isolates.

The handling of contaminated reagents or contact with contaminated surfaces was likely the mode of transmission. Delays in recognition and diagnosis of this infection in a laboratory researcher underscore the importance of a thorough patient history-including occupational information-and laboratory testing in facilitating a prompt investigation and application of control and remediation measures.

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Enhanced infection control precautions and adamantane prophylaxis were used to control spread of influenza in a chronic care facility. This outbreak demonstrates the importance of timely and consistent implementation of infection control measures in controlling influenza outbreaks in long term care facilities and raises questions about a possible role for adamantanes in preventing transmission of adamantane-resistant influenza A viruses.

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