In this work, we report the synthesis of an three-dimensional (3D) cone-shape CNT clusters (CCC) via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with subsequent inductively coupled plasma (ICP) treatment. An innovative silicon decorated cone-shape CNT clusters (SCCC) is prepared by simply depositing amorphous silicon onto CCC via magnetron sputtering. The seamless connection between silicon decorated CNT cones and graphene facilitates the charge transfer in the system and suggests a binder-free technique of preparing lithium ion battery (LIB) anodes. Lithium ion batteries based on this novel 3D SCCC architecture demonstrates high reversible capacity of 1954 mAh g(-1) and excellent cycling stability (>1200 mAh g(-1) capacity with ≈ 100% coulombic efficiency after 230 cycles).
This letter presents an experimental study that shows that a 3rd physical dimension may be used to further increase information packing density in magnetic storage devices. We demonstrate the feasibility of at least quadrupling the magnetic states of magnetic-based data storage devices by recording and reading information from nanopillars with three magnetically-decoupled layers. Magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy and magnetic force microscopy analysis show that both continuous (thin film) and patterned triple-stack magnetic media can generate eight magnetically-stable states. This is in comparison to only two states in conventional magnetic recording. Our work further reveals that ferromagnetic interaction between magnetic layers can be reduced by combining Co/Pt and Co/Pd multilayers media. Finally, we are showing for the first time an MFM image of multilevel-3D bit patterned media with 8 discrete signal levels.
Interlayer exchange coupling between [Pd/Co] multilayers and CoFeB/MgO layers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 242403 (2012); 10.1063/1.4770300Effect of magnetostatic energy on domain structure and magnetization reversal in (Co/Pd) multilayers Microstructure and magnetic properties of a Co/Pd multilayer on a controlled Pd/Si seed layer for double-layered perpendicular magnetic recording mediaWe report a combinatorial synthesis study on the magnetic properties of sputter-deposited Co/Pd multilayers with high perpendicular anisotropy and high remnant squareness for magnetic media applications such as magnetic logic systems, bit patterned media, magneto-optical recording, and multilevel three-dimensional ͑3D͒ magnetic media. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the multilayers originates from the interfacial anisotropy of the alloylike structure. The deposition conditions and subsequent microstructures of the multilayers are critical factors to determine the magnetic properties of the media. We investigated the dependence of the magnetic properties on the thickness of Co and Pd layers the number of Co/Pd bilayers. For instance, we found that a 0.26-nm-thick layer of Co would produce the highest coercivity value if paired with a 0.55-nm-thick Pd layer. Our results revealed that an Ar + milling could significantly increase the coercivity of the multilayer media. Further, we discovered that we could control the deposition pressure to achieve either granular or continuous media morphologies corresponding to exchange-coupled or decoupled grains, respectively. Finally, we used the combinatorial synthesis to tailor multilayers' properties to engineer a eight-level three-layer 3D media.
In this paper, we discuss the concept and prototype fabrication of reconfigurable and non-volatile vertical magnetic logic gates. These gates consist of two input layers and a RESET layer. The RESET layer allows the structure to be used as either an AND or an OR gate, depending on its magnetization state. To prove this concept, the gates were fabricated using a multi-layered patterned magnetic media, in which three magnetic layers are stacked and exchange-decoupled via non-magnetic interlayers. We demonstrate the functionality of these logic gates by conducting atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy (MFM) analysis of the multi-layered patterned magnetic media. The logic gates operation mechanism and fabrication feasibility are both validated by the MFM imaging results. V
In this work, we present the experimental results on the effect of electric current-induced diffusion leading to change in ferromagnetic behavior of Co/Pd multilayer thin films. We applied high-density direct current to a Co/Pd multilayer specimen in ambient conditions. We observed an almost 8.8 times change in coercivity and improved squareness of the thin films using magneto-optic Kerr effect measurement. Magnetic force microscope studies further validate an increase in the coercivity for the current-treated thin films. We experimentally observe that this change cannot be attributed only to Joule heating due to electric current. We propose that the underlying mechanism for the observed behavior is electromigration induced diffusion along the grain boundaries and the thin film surface. Surface diffusion of O2 leads to formation of CoO resulting in the permanent coercivity change observed in this work. The composition of the specimens is Ta (1 nm)/ [Co (0.35 nm)/Pd (0.55 nm)]20.
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