Intraperitoneal polymer injection during massive noncompressible hemorrhage reduces blood loss and improves survival in a lethal, closed-cavity, hepatoportal injury model. Chronic safety and additional efficacy studies in other models are needed.
The self-expanding foam significantly improves survival in a dose-dependent fashion in an otherwise lethal injury. Higher doses are associated with better survival but resulted in the need for bowel resection.
For a distinct dose range, 28-day recovery after foam treatment and explantation for noncompressible, intra-abdominal hemorrhage is not associated with significant physiologic or biochemical evidence of end-organ dysfunction. A foam volume exceeding the maximum tolerable dose was identified. Bowel repair is required to ensure survival.
Self-expanding foam treatment significantly improves survival in an otherwise lethal, noncompressible, massive, arterial injury. This treatment may provide a prehospital intervention for control of noncompressible abdominal hemorrhage.
Under a range of military operational conditions, foam treatment resulted in a survival advantage relative to the control group. This supports the feasibility of foam treatment as a prehospital hemostatic bridge to surgery for severely bleeding causalities.
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