This Conceptual Design Report describes LUXE (Laser Und XFEL Experiment), an experimental campaign that aims to combine the high-quality and high-energy electron beam of the European XFEL with a powerful laser to explore the uncharted terrain of quantum electrodynamics characterised by both high energy and high intensity. We will reach this hitherto inaccessible regime of quantum physics by analysing high-energy electron-photon and photon-photon interactions in the extreme environment provided by an intense laser focus. The physics background and its relevance are presented in the science case which in turn leads to, and justifies, the ensuing plan for all aspects of the experiment: Our choice of experimental parameters allows (i) field strengths to be probed where the coupling to charges becomes non-perturbative and (ii) a precision to be achieved that permits a detailed comparison of the measured data with calculations. In addition, the high photon flux predicted will enable a sensitive search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The initial phase of the experiment will employ an existing 40 TW laser, whereas the second phase will utilise an upgraded laser power of 350 TW. All expectations regarding the performance of the experimental set-up as well as the expected physics results are based on detailed numerical simulations throughout.
The LUXE experiment, currently in design and planning, aims to perform analyses of strongfield quantum electrodynamics interactions by colliding the high-quality high-energy EU.XFEL electron beam with a powerful laser. With the ability to collide laser pulses with bunches of 1.5 × 10 9 electrons / 1 × 10 8 photons at 1Hz, this high-statistics environment presents an opportunity to probe rare interactions in a new parameter space of a novel regime. To do this requires a unique suite of detectors to measure three types of particles, at highly varying fluxes dependent on laser interaction parameters. The detectors measure electrons, positrons, or photons, and balance sensitivity with high dynamic range and hardness to radiation damage. Presented in brief in this note are the function, design, and reconstruction methods of each of these detectors.
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